《长信怨》原文赏析
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cháng长xìn信yuàn怨
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[táng唐dài代]wáng王chāng昌líng龄
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jīn金jǐng井wú梧tóng桐qiū秋yè叶huáng黄，zhū珠lián帘bù不juàn卷yè夜lái来shuāng霜。
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xūn熏lóng笼yù玉zhěn枕wú无yán颜sè色，wò卧tīng听nán南gōng宫qīng清lòu漏cháng长。gāo高diàn殿qiū秋zhēn砧xiǎng响yè夜lán阑，shuāng霜shēn深yóu犹yì忆yù御yī衣hán寒。
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yín银dēng灯qīng青suǒ琐cái裁féng缝xiē歇，hái还xiàng向jīn金chéng城míng明zhǔ主kàn看。fèng奉zhǒu帚píng平míng明jīn金diàn殿kaī开，zàn暂jiāng将tuán团shān扇gòng共pái徘huái徊。
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yù玉yán颜bù不jí及hán寒yā鸦sè色，yóu犹dài带zhāo昭yáng阳rì日yǐng影lái来。zhēn真chéng成báo薄mìng命jiǔ久xún寻sī思，mèng梦jiàn见jūn君wáng王jiào觉hòu后yí疑。
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huǒ火zhào照xī西gōng宫zhī知yè夜yǐn饮，fēn分míng明fù复dào道fèng奉ēn恩shí时。cháng长xìn信gōng宫zhōng中qiū秋yuè月míng明，zhāo昭yáng阳diàn殿xià下dǎo捣yī衣shēng声。
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bái白lòu露táng堂zhōng中xì细cǎo草jī迹，hóng红luó罗zhàng帐lǐ里bù不shèng胜qíng情。
译文及注释
Translation:
Beside the golden well the phoenix trees' autumn leaves gradually turn yellow. The pearl curtains remain unrolled indicating the frost flying in the night. The scented cage and jade pillow resemble a weary countenance lying quietly and listening to the long sound of the leaking clock in the Southern Palace.
Inside the high hall of autumn the sound of pounding clothes echoes throughout the night. The heavy frost in the night reminds me of the emperor's cold imperial clothes. In the deep silence under the silver lamp the cutting of clothes finally stops. The gaze turns towards the bright palace of the emperor.
At dawn I pick up the broom and sweep away the dust in the golden hall. When I have nothing to do I hold a folding fan and wander aimlessly. The beautiful countenance is not as charming as the raven's appearance which can bring the shadow of the Zhao Yang Palace.
Indeed I have become a person with a tragic fate sinking into deep thoughts for a long time. In my dream I see the emperor waking up and doubting in his heart. The lights illuminate the Western Palace indicating that he is having a night banquet. In front of me the image of receiving favor and grace in the palace corridor becomes clear.
Only the autumn moon still shines in the Changxin Palace. The sound of pounding clothes echoes in the Zhao Yang Palace. The Bai Lu Hall is full of traces of weeds while the red silk curtain is filled with deep affection.
Annotations:
Changxin Autumn Poem: Also known as Changxin Resentment. According to the Book of Han Biography of the Imperial Clan Ban Jieyu entered the palace with her talent and was envied by Zhao Feiyan. She then sought to be supported by the Empress Dowager in the Changxin Palace. Changxin Resentment originated from this. Changxin: The name of a palace in the Han Dynasty.
Golden Well: A well with decorative carvings on the well railing. Generally used to refer to the wells in the palace gardens. In the Southern Dynasty Liang Fei Chang's poem Difficult Journey it says Only the crows on the city walls can be heard the jade railings and golden wells are connected.
Pearl Curtains: Curtains made of pearls or decorated with pearls. In the Miscellaneous Records of the Western Capital it says The Zhao Yang Palace weaves pearl curtains which make a sound when the wind blows like the sound of a jade pendant.
Scented Cage: Refers to the tool used for heating in the palace a cage used in conjunction with a censer for fumigation or drying. Xun can also be written as jin. Long can also be written as lu. Jade Pillow: Refers to a pillow.
Southern Palace: Refers to the emperor's residence. Can also be written as palace. Clear Leaking Clock: A clock is an ancient timekeeping device that uses dripping water and markings to indicate the time. Clear leaking clock refers to the sound of a copper pot dripping in the late night. In the Southern Dynasty Song Baozhao's poem Looking at the Solitary Stone it says After singing and listening to the clear leaking clock I wander in the morning scenery.
Autumn Pounding: The sound of pounding clothes in autumn. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty Yu Xin's poem Listening to Pounding Clothes at Night it says The autumn pounding has a fast rhythm the chaotic pounding changes into a new sound. Night's End: The end of the night; when the night is about to end. In the Han Dynasty Cai Yan's poem Eighteen Beats of the Hu Flute it says The mountains are high and the land is vast I see you without a set time; as the night's end becomes deeper I dream of you coming.
Imperial Clothes: The clothes worn by emperors. In the Tang Dynasty Li Qiao's poem Spring Day Touring the Garden Delighted by the Rain Responding to the Imperial Decree it says The emperor's clothes are worn in the spring rain responding to the imperial decree.
《长信怨》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
王昌龄是唐代著名的诗人，他的籍贯、生卒年以及其他重要的生平事迹在历史记载中存在不一致的情况。因此，他的作品很难按照时间顺序进行编排。其中的《长信秋词五首》更是无法确定其创作时间。然而，根据一些相关的历史记载，可以推测这组诗应该是在公元727年（开元十五年）之后创作的。
王昌龄在三十多岁时首次参加进士考试，并成功获得了进士的称号。然而，他的职业生涯并不顺利，曾两次被贬谪。据推测，这组《长信秋词五首》应该是在他第二次被贬谪之前的天宝年间（742—756年）创作的。
尽管具体的创作时间无法确定，但这组诗展现了王昌龄对秋天的深刻感受和对生活的思考。诗中描绘了秋天的景色和氛围，以及对时光流转和人生变迁的思考。王昌龄以细腻的笔触和深邃的情感，表达了对人生的短暂和无常的感慨。
尽管王昌龄的生平事迹存在一些争议，但他的诗歌作品却广为流传，并被后人称为“长信秋词五首”。这组诗以其独特的艺术风格和深刻的思想内涵，成为了唐代文学的重要代表之一。
《长信怨》创作背景详情»
赏析
帘，再写到室内的熏笼和玉枕，最后才揭示出主人公的存在。这种逐步收缩的手法，使得读者在阅读过程中逐渐进入了主人公的内心世界，感受到了她的孤独和悲伤。
在整首诗中，作者运用了景物的描写来烘托主人公的情感。井边的梧桐和秋叶的颜色，珠帘不卷和夜寒霜重的气氛，熏笼和玉枕的黯淡无色，都为诗中的主题增添了凄凉的色彩。通过这些景物的描写，读者可以感受到主人公所处的环境的冷寂和孤独。
此外，诗中的语言也非常简练而含蓄。整首诗只有四句，但每个字都充满了情感的表达。作者没有直接写出主人公的怨情，而是通过景物的描写和主人公的存在来间接表达。这种含蓄的表达方式，使得读者在阅读过程中需要自己去感受和理解主人公的内心世界，增加了诗歌的艺术魅力。
总的来说，这首诗通过深婉含蓄的笔触和以景托情的手法，成功地描绘了一个被剥夺了青春、自由和幸福的少女在深宫中的凄凉寂寞。通过景物的描写和主人公的存在，诗中传达出了主人公的孤独和悲伤。整首诗简练而含蓄，给读者留下了很大的想象空间，使得读者在阅读过程中能够更深入地理解和感受主人公的内心世界。
《长信怨》赏析详情»
王昌龄
王昌龄（698—756），字少伯，是河东晋阳（今山西太原）人，是盛唐时期著名的边塞诗人，被后人誉为“七绝圣手”。他早年贫贱，困于农耕，直到年近不惑时才中进士。他初任秘书省校书郎，后又中博学宏辞，被授予汜水尉的职位，但因为一些事情被贬到岭南。他与李白、高适、王维、王之涣、岑参等人交情深厚。开元末年，他回到长安，改授江宁丞的职位。然而，他被人诬陷而被贬为龙标尉。安史之乱爆发后，他被刺史闾丘所杀。王昌龄的诗以七绝为主，尤其以他在登第之前赴西北边塞所作的边塞诗最为著名。他被称为“诗家夫子王江宁”（也有人称他为“诗家天子王江宁”）。