译文及注释

Translation:

Life is like morning dew constantly facing hardships in the world. Troubles and dangers often come while joy and happiness come late. Thinking about the upcoming business trip I am getting farther away from you day by day. The dispatched carriage welcomes your return but it goes empty and returns empty. Seeing your letter my heart is deeply saddened and I cannot eat the delicious food in front of me. Sitting alone in an empty room who can comfort and encourage me? The long night is difficult to sleep and I toss and turn on my pillow alone. Endless worries keep circling and the reed mat can only roll up my sorrows.

The gods are impartial and do not show favoritism. Those who do good deeds will enjoy heavenly blessings. It is lamentable that our destinies are unfortunate experiencing loneliness and hardship from a young age. Although we are married there is too little joy making people feel sorrowful. Thinking about the long separation ahead I express my deep longing and pour out my heart. The rivers are wide but there are no bridges and even though the journey is close it is hindered by mountains. When the departure is imminent my heart is filled with melancholy and I frequently stop along the way. The floating clouds surge over towering mountains and the sorrowful wind stirs deep valleys. The good horse gallops eager to continue without stopping but the human heart is reluctant and the carriage does not turn its wheels. Needles and medicine can be endured despite the pain but the most difficult to bear is endless poverty. A true gentleman remains sincere and consistent and deep friendship continues steadily.

The servant drives the carriage swiftly and quickly departs with the bells jingling and ringing non-stop. In the early morning I am about to leave my hometown and travel far away preparing all night and waiting for the dawn. Looking back and surveying the lonely and quiet empty room it seems as if I can see your appearance and figure. This parting fills my heart with countless regrets and I am restless for a moment. How can I express my feelings? I leave behind tokens to express my loyal and sincere love: a decorated jade hairpin to enhance your beauty a dust-free mirror to reflect my heart pure fragrance to cleanse and purify and a melodious and pleasant qin to play clear music. The poet has received a wooden guava from his beloved so he wants to repay with a beautiful and sparkling gift. I deeply appreciate your long-lasting love and kindness towards me and I am ashamed that the value of my gift is too light. Although I know it is not enough to repay everything the value lies in conveying my true feelings.

Annotations:

Three Poems for the Wife in the Capital: The title of the poem was originally Three Poems for the Wife (collected in Yutai Xinyong Volume One) but it was changed according to the research of Shiji. The poem was added to the collection of Yutai Xinyong.

Longxi: Ancient name for the area west of Long Mountain which is now Gansu province.

创作背景

这篇创作背景描述了作者秦嘉的经历和他与妻子的离别之痛。秦嘉曾在郡上担任计的职务，后来奉命前往京城办事。然而，正当他准备离开时，他的妻子徐淑却生病了，迫使他不得不提前返回家中。秦嘉心中感到无限的惆怅，因为他不能与妻子面别。为了表达他对妻子的思念之情，秦嘉写下了这三首诗。

然而，秦嘉的命运并不如意。他在京城奉役数年后，因病去世。这使得他与妻子的离别变成了生离死别。这个故事揭示了作者对妻子的深深眷恋和无尽的思念之情。尽管他们无法在最后一面告别，但他们的爱情却超越了生死的界限，成为了永恒的记忆。

这个创作背景通过描述秦嘉的经历和他与妻子的离别之痛，展现了作者对爱情的执着和对生命的无奈。这个故事不仅仅是一个个体的离别故事，更是对人性和情感的深刻思考。它让读者感受到了爱情的珍贵和生命的脆弱，引发了对生死和离别的思考和反思。 《赠妇诗三首》创作背景详情»

鉴赏

为这样的思考和质疑，使得诗歌情感更加深沉和激烈。接着，诗人又回到自己的遭遇上，描述了自己在离乡之际的心情：“离乡心若断，思妇泪如雨。”这两句简洁而有力地表达了诗人内心的痛苦和思念之情。最后一句“何时得相见，胡为久离别”，更是将诗人对妻子的思念之情推向了高潮，表达了他对重逢的渴望和对长时间分离的不解和不满。

第三首诗以自然景物为背景，通过描绘秋天的景象来表达诗人内心的忧伤和思念之情。诗人以“秋风起，萧瑟天”开篇，将秋天的凄凉和寂寥感表现得淋漓尽致。接着，诗人以“思妇泪，如秋雨”来比喻妻子的泪水，将诗人对妻子的思念之情与秋天的凄凉景象相结合，增强了诗歌的感染力。接下来的几句“落叶飘，寒鸦啼，愁肠断，泪双垂”更是将诗人内心的忧伤和思念之情表达得淋漓尽致。最后一句“何时得相见，胡为久离别”，与前两首诗的结尾相呼应，再次表达了诗人对妻子的思念和对重逢的渴望。

这三首诗以不同的方式表达了诗人对妻子的思念和对离别的痛苦。诗人通过议论、叙事和描绘自然景物的手法，将自己的情感表达得淋漓尽致，使读者能够感受到诗人内心的痛苦和思念之情。这三首诗情感真挚，语言简练，通过对离别和思念的描绘，展现了诗人对妻子的深深的依恋和对重逢的渴望，给人以深深的触动和共鸣。 《赠妇诗三首》鉴赏详情»