鲁共公择言的译文及注释二

译文及注释二
Translation:
King Liang Wei Ying hosted a banquet at Fan Tai and invited the feudal lords. When everyone was enjoying themselves King Liang asked Duke Gong of Lu to raise his cup for a toast. Duke Gong stood up left his seat and chose some meaningful words to say: In the past Emperor Yao's daughter Yi Di brewed wine that tasted extremely good. She presented it to Yu who found it very sweet. As a result he distanced himself from Yi Di and gave up drinking. He said 'In the future there will definitely be a country that perishes due to drinking!' Duke Huan of Qi felt hungry and uncomfortable in the middle of the night. Yi Ya immediately cooked and grilled food mixed with various flavors and presented it to Duke Huan to eat. Duke Huan ate until he was full and didn't wake up until the next morning. He said 'In the future there will definitely be a country that perishes due to craving delicious food!' Duke Wen of Jin obtained a beautiful woman named Nan Wei and didn't attend to state affairs for three days. As a result he pushed Nan Wei away and distanced himself from her saying 'In the future there will definitely be a country that perishes due to indulging in beautiful women!' King Zhuang of Chu climbed up the tall Qiangtai overlooking the crumbling mountains with the great river on the left and the large lake on the right. Looking down he lingered and enjoyed himself forgetting the danger of death. As a result he swore never to climb Qiangtai again saying 'In the future there will definitely be a country that perishes due to the love of building royal gardens!' Now King Liang the wine in your cup is Yi Di's wine; your food is prepared by Yi Ya; the white platform on your left and the Lu Xu on your right are beautiful women like Nan Wei; you have a forest in front and an orchid platform behind bringing the same joy as Qiangtai. As long as one of these four things exists the country will perish. King Liang you now possess all four can you not be vigilant? After hearing this King Liang praised and agreed.

Annotations:
1. Duke Gong of Lu: The ruler of the state of Lu named Fen.
2. King Liang Wei Ying: King Hui of Liang also known as the King of Wei. Liang Huiwang moved the capital to Daliang in 362 BC so it was also called Liang. In the fifteenth year of King Hui of Liang (344 BC) he convened a meeting in Fengze (southeast of present-day Kaifeng) and declared himself king. At that time Liang was powerful and the rulers of Lu Wei Song and Zheng all came to pay homage.
3. Duke of Lu: The ruler of the state of Lu also known as Duke Gong of Lu named Fen. Shang: wine cup.
4. Leaving the seat: In ancient times people sat on the ground. Leaving the seat means standing up and leaving the seat showing seriousness and respect.
5. Emperor's daughter: Referring to the daughter of Emperor Yao. Yi Di: A beautiful woman's name. Zhi wine: delicious wine. Zhi means delicious.
6. Not satisfied: Feeling hungry. Yi Ya: Also known as Di Ya a favored minister of Duke Huan of Qi skilled in seasoning.
7. Nan Wei: A beautiful woman's name.
8. King of Chu: King Zhuang of Chu one of the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period. Qiangtai refers to Zhanghua Terrace. Bengshan also known as Chongshan.


诗文: 梁王魏婴觞诸侯于范台。
酒酣,请鲁君举觞。
鲁君兴,避席择言曰:“昔者,帝女令仪狄作酒而美,进之禹,禹饮而甘之,遂疏仪狄,绝旨酒,曰:‘后世必有以酒亡其国者。
’齐桓公夜半不嗛,易牙乃煎熬燔灸,和调五味而进之,桓公食之而饱,至旦不觉,曰:‘后世必有以味亡其国者。
’晋文公得南之威,三日不听朝,遂推南之威而远之,曰:‘后世必有以色亡其国者。
’楚王登强台而望崩山,左江而右湖,以临彷徨,其乐忘死,遂盟强台而弗登,曰:‘后世必有以高台陂池亡其国者。
’今主君之尊,仪狄之酒以;主君之味,易牙之调也;左白台而右闾须,南威之美也;前夹林而后兰台,强台之乐也。
有一于此,足以亡其国。
今主君兼此四者,可无戒与!”梁王称善相属。


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