哭单父梁九少府的译文及注释

译文及注释
译文:
打开书箱见你生前书信,不由使我热泪洒在胸前。
Opening the book box I see the letters you wrote before your death which makes tears flow down my chest uncontrollably.

置身坟墓你该多么孤寂,门庭萧条依然留在世问。
Being in the grave how lonely you must be while the desolate courtyard remains in this world.

想那当日你我搜奇猎胜,登山临水吟咏多少诗篇。
Thinking back to those days when we searched for wonders and enjoyed victories how many poems did we compose while climbing mountains and admiring the waters?

南浦之下同把轻舟荡起,西江之上共把明月赏玩。
Under the South Wharf we sailed light boats together and on the West River we admired the bright moon together.

天南地北你我多次远别,从生到死彼此情意缠绵。
We have been separated many times from the south to the north and our feelings for each other have been intertwined from life to death.

你的坟墓如今竟在何处,人间万事不过如此这般。
Where is your grave now? Everything in the world is just like this.

高高晋山仍然耸立世上,我的故友却已葬身九泉。
The towering Jin Mountain still stands in the world but my old friend has already been buried in the underworld.

为友生前常常官微禄薄,为友死后家计贫困不堪。
Before your death you held a low official position and after your death your family's finances became unbearable.

妻子儿女相隔多么遥远,更无一个弟兄在你身边。
Your wife and children are so far away and there is no brother by your side.

多次上书历尽艰难苦辛,身居微职常常自笑自惭。
I have written many times experiencing hardships and difficulties and I often laugh at myself for holding a low position.

青云之路本已即将登上,谁料白日忽然落下西山。
The road to success was about to be reached but who would have expected the sudden fall of the sun behind the Western Mountain.

如今只剩身后一点清名,空在世上远处近处流传。
Now only a little reputation remains after your death spreading far and wide in this world.

注释:
梁九:即梁洽。排行第九。古人常以其族中排名称呼其人。
Liang Jiu: Also known as Liang Qia. Ranked ninth. In ancient times people often used the ranking within their family to address each other.

箧(qiè):小箱子。
Qie: A small box.

臆:胸。
Yi: Chest.

夜台:墓穴。陆机《挽歌》:“送子长夜台。”李周瀚注:“坟墓一闭无复见明,故云长夜台。后人称夜台本此。”
Ye Tai: Grave. In Lu Ji's Elegy it says Send the child to the long night platform. Li Zhouhan's annotation: Once the grave is closed there is no more light visible so it is called the long night platform. Later generations referred to the grave as the night platform based on this.

子云居:指西汉文学家扬雄的故居。
Zi Yun Ju: Refers to the former residence of Yang Xiong a Western Han Dynasty writer.

畴(chóu)昔:往昔。
Chou Xi: In the past.

贪:嗜好。
Tan: Fondness.

灵奇:神奇。这里指自然景观。
Ling Qi: Miraculous. Here it refers to natural landscapes.

契阔:离合,聚散。《诗经·邶风·击鼓》:“死生契阔。”
Qi Kuo: Separation and reunion. In the Book of Songs - Bei Feng - Ji Gu it says Life and death are separated and reunited.

绸缪(móu):缠绵。《诗经·唐风·绸缪》:“绸缪束薪。”
Chou Mou: Lingering. In the Book of Songs - Tang Feng - Chou Mou it says Lingering and bundling firewood.

九原:九泉、地下。
Jiu Yuan: The underworld.

嵯(cuó)峨:山势高峻。
Cuo E: High and steep mountain.

十上:数次上书。十:言其多。
Shi Shang: Several times of submitting written petitions. Shi: Indicates the frequency.

青云:《史记·范雎蔡泽列传》须贾对范雎说:“贾不意君能自致于青云之上。”后世因以青云喻高位。
Qing Yun: In the Records of the Grand Historian - Biography of Fan Ju and Cai Ze Xu Jia said to Fan Ju Jia did not expect that you could achieve a high position. In later generations Qing Yun came to symbolize a high position.

白日忽先尽:喻人死。
Bai Ri Hu Xian Jin: Metaphor for death.

无远近:无论远近,到处。
Wu Yuan Jin: Regardless of distance everywhere.


诗文: 开箧泪沾臆,见君前日书。
夜台今寂寞,犹是子云居。
畴昔贪灵奇,登临赋山水。
同舟南浦下,望月西江里。
契阔多离别,绸缪到生死。
九原即何处,万事皆如此。
晋山徒嵯峨,斯人已冥冥。
常时禄且薄,殁后家复贫。
妻子在远道,弟兄无一人!
十上多苦辛,一官常自哂。
青云将可致,白日忽先尽。
唯有身后名,空留无远近。


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