译文及注释

译文：
柏梁台里是曾经的旧爱，昭阳殿里有新宠的美人。
In the palace of Boliangtai there was a former lover while in the palace of Zhaoyangdian there was a favored beauty.

我恪守本分，拒绝登上香车与君王同行；我脉脉含泪，吟咏着凄凉的《团扇歌》。
I adhere to my role and refuse to ride in the luxurious carriage with the king; I gaze tearfully and sing the sorrowful Tuan Shan Ge (Song of the Folding Fan).

载歌载舞的新人一旦得到恩宠，旧人昔日的诗书都变得卑贱。
Once the new person who sings and dances receives favor the poems and books of the old person become worthless.

往日的恩宠果真已完全断绝，失宠的旧人正如泼出去的水，再难重获欢心。
Indeed the past favor has completely disappeared and the old person who has fallen out of favor is like spilled water unable to regain favor.

注释：
长门：即长门宫，地址在今陕西长安县东北。《汉书.东方朔传》：窦太主献长门园，武帝更名为长门宫。武帝陈皇后失宠后，退居此宫。
Changmen: also known as Changmen Palace located in the northeast of Chang'an County Shaanxi Province. According to Book of Han Biography of Dongfang Shuo: Dou Taizhu presented Changmen Garden and Emperor Wu renamed it Changmen Palace. Empress Chen after falling out of favor retreated to this palace.

柏（bǎi）梁台：汉代台名，《三轴黄图·台榭》：“柏梁台，武帝元鼎二年春，起此台，在长安城北门内，《三轴旧事》云，似香柏为粲也，帝尝置清其上，诏群臣和诗，能七言者，乃得上，”台高二十丈，太初元年（453年）毁坏，后世称七言诗为“柏梁体”。
Boliangtai: a platform name in the Han Dynasty. According to Sanzhou Huangtu Taixie: Boliangtai in the spring of the second year of Emperor Wu's Yuanding this platform was built inside the north gate of Chang'an City. According to 'Sanzhou Jiushi' it seems like cypress trees are splendid. The emperor once placed a clear object on it and ordered the officials to compose poems. Only those who could write in seven characters were allowed to submit. The platform was twenty zhang high and was destroyed in the first year of Taichu (453 AD). Later generations referred to seven-character poems as Boliang style.

昭阳殿：汉代殿名，汉成帝时造。
Zhaoyangdian: a palace name in the Han Dynasty built during the reign of Emperor Cheng.

芳辇（niǎn）：香车，指后妃们乘坐的人挽推车，这句引用了班婕妤辞辇的典故。
Fangnian: a luxurious carriage referring to the carriage pulled by attendants for the imperial concubines. This sentence alludes to the story of Ban Jieyu giving up her carriage.

团扇：即《团扇歌》，见班婕妤《怨歌行》。
Tuan Shan: refers to the Tuan Shan Ge (Song of the Folding Fan) found in Ban Jieyu's Yuan Ge Xing (Song of Resentment).

夙昔：往日。
Suxi: in the past.

颓恩：恩情已绝之意。诚：果真。此句是说旧日的恩情果真是完全断绝了。
Tui'en: the meaning of the favor has been completely cut off. Cheng: indeed. This sentence means that the past favor has indeed been completely severed.

覆水：旧称被遗弃的妇女。难重荐：难以重荐枕席，此句是说被遗弃的妇女就象泼出去的水难聚那样难以重荐枕席。
Fushui: an old term for abandoned women. Nan Chongjian: difficult to recommend again. This sentence means that abandoned women are as difficult to regain favor as spilled water is to gather. 《长门怨》译文及注释详情»

赏析

反抗精神，已经为后世女性的解放和平等奠定了基础。

总的来说，徐惠的《长门怨》是一首充满悲苦命运和反抗情绪的诗作。通过细致入微的描写和巧妙运用典故和意象，徐惠成功地表达了班婕妤被冷落遗弃后的心理状态和对命运的不满。与以往的失宠后妃诗不同，徐惠的诗中展现了女性的独立个性和平等人格的追求，她敢于表达自己的不满和愤怒，展现了自己的自尊和傲骨。这种平等观念和反抗精神为后世女性的解放和平等奠定了基础。 《长门怨》赏析详情»