《鹦鹉曲·夷门怀古》原文赏析
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yīng鹦wǔ鹉qǔ曲·yí夷mén门huái怀gǔ古
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[yuán元dài代]féng冯zǐ子zhèn振
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rén人shēng生zhī只hé合liáng梁yuán园zhù住，kuài快huó活shà煞jǐ几gè个bái白tóu头fù父。zhǐ指tā他jiā家wǔ五beì辈fēng风liú流，shuì睡zú足yān胭zhī脂pō坡yǔ雨。
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〔yāo幺〕shuō说xuān宣hé和jǐn锦piàn片fán繁huá华，niǎn辇lù路kàn看yuán元xiāo宵qù去。mǎ马xíng行jiē街zhí直zhuàn转zhōu州qiáo桥，xiāng相guó国sì寺dēng灯lóu楼jǐ几chù处。
译文及注释
译文：It is a great fortune to live in the ancient city of Kaifeng in one's lifetime. Look at those white-haired old men they are chatting and laughing how happy they are. Some of them have ancestors who have lived here for five generations and they are used to the peaceful days in the capital city.
The old men talk about the prosperous times during the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song and Emperor Xuanhe. On the Lantern Festival night of the fifteenth day of the first lunar month people crowded onto the Imperial Street to enjoy the lantern market. From Ma Hang Street to Zhou Bridge there were fireworks and lanterns everywhere shining like daylight. There were also several lantern towers that were particularly magnificent located in the famous Daxiangguo Temple.
注释：
夷门：The eastern gate of Daliang (now Kaifeng Henan) in the Warring States period later became another name for Kaifeng City.
梁园：A garden built by Liu Wu the King of Liang in the Western Han Dynasty located in the southeast of present-day Kaifeng City.
胭脂坡：A place name in Chang'an during the Tang Dynasty.
宣和：The reign title of Emperor Huizong of Song from 1119 to 1125.
辇路：The route commonly used by the emperor's carriage. Here it refers to the Imperial Street in Bianjing.
马行街：A place name in Bianjing (now Kaifeng Henan) during the Song Dynasty. Zhou Bridge: Also known as Bian Bridge or Tianhan Bridge located south of the Imperial Street in Bianjing directly facing the imperial palace.
相国寺：Originally built during the Northern Qi Dynasty rebuilt during the reign of Emperor Taizong of Song it is a famous building in Bianjing with two side halls that can accommodate ten thousand people.
《鹦鹉曲·夷门怀古》译文及注释详情»
赏析
这篇赏析主要围绕着一首古曲《白头父》，通过分析曲中的内容和意象，揭示了作者对于过去时光的怀念和对于民族情绪的表达。
文章首先提到了起句“人生只合梁园住”，这是模仿唐人张祜的诗句“人生只合扬州死”，以故作奇语的方式表达了作者对于梁园的喜爱。接着，文章通过描述“几个白头父”的闲谈和回忆，来支持这一结论。这些白头父们在谈话中提到了一些地名和历史事件，如“胭脂坡”和“夷门”，这些地名和事件都与唐宋时期的历史有关。通过这些描述，作者表达了对于过去时光的怀念和对于故国的爱国情感。
文章还提到了白头父们谈话的主题是“说宣和”，并着眼于当时的“锦片繁华”。作者通过描述元宵节的观灯活动，展现了北宋汴京元宵灯市的繁荣景象。白头父们对于这些景象如数家珍，表现出强烈的缅怀和神往。他们并没有责备宋徽宗的荒政失国，反而津津乐道他在元宵灯节与民同乐的事迹。这一点从一个侧面反映出元代汉族百姓的民族情绪。
最后，文章指出“锦片繁华”在作者的时代已成为历史陈迹，诗人“夷门怀古”的用意与心情可想而知。通过这篇赏析，读者可以感受到作者对于过去时光的怀念和对于民族情绪的表达。
《鹦鹉曲·夷门怀古》赏析详情»
译文及注释
译文：It is a great fortune to live in the ancient city of Kaifeng in one's lifetime. Look at those white-haired old men they are chatting and laughing how happy they are. Some of them have ancestors who have lived here for five generations and they are used to the peaceful days in the capital city. The old men talk about the prosperous times during the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty when the city of Bianjing was full of flowers and bustling. On the night of the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month people flocked to the Imperial Street to watch the lantern market. From Ma Hang Street to Zhou Bridge there were fireworks and lanterns everywhere shining like daylight. There were also several lantern towers that were particularly magnificent located in the famous Daxiangguo Temple.
注释：夷门：The Eastern Gate of Daliang the capital of the Wei State during the Warring States period (now Kaifeng Henan) later became another name for Kaifeng City.
梁园：The garden built by Liu Wu the King of Liang in the Western Han Dynasty located in the southeast of present-day Kaifeng City.
胭脂坡：A place name in Chang'an during the Tang Dynasty.
宣和：The reign title of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty from 1119 to 1125.
辇路：The route that the emperor's carriage often passed through. Here it refers to the Imperial Street in Bianjing.
马行街：A place name in Bianjing during the Song Dynasty (now Kaifeng Henan). Zhou Bridge: Also known as Bian Bridge or Tianhan Bridge located in the south of the Imperial Street in Bianjing directly facing the imperial palace.
相国寺：Originally built during the Northern Qi Dynasty rebuilt during the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty it is a famous building in Bianjing with two side halls that can accommodate ten thousand people.
《鹦鹉曲·夷门怀古》译文及注释详情»
赏析
这篇赏析主要围绕着一首古曲《白头父》，通过分析曲中的内容和意象，揭示了作者对于过去时光的怀念和对于民族情绪的表达。
文章首先提到了起句“人生只合梁园住”，这是模仿唐人张祜的诗句“人生只合扬州死”，以故作奇语的方式表达了作者对于梁园的喜爱。接着，文章通过描述“几个白头父”的闲谈和回忆，来支持这一结论。这些白头父们在谈话中提到了“胭脂坡”和“夷门”，通过这些地名的引用，作者影射出了北宋时期的全国都城和汴京的全盛时期。白头父们的谈话中还提到了“他家五辈风流”，这表明他们对于前朝的追念和对于故国的爱国情感。虽然元代是忌讳追念前朝的，但作者通过使用障眼法，巧妙地表达了这种情感。
白头父们的谈话主题是“说宣和”，他们着眼于当时的“锦片繁华”。文章提到了北宋汴京的元宵灯市，描述了张灯结彩、火树银花的盛况，以及百姓和行人在大内前的御街上观赏灯会的情景。白头父们对于这些景象如数家珍，表现出了强烈的缅怀和神往。他们并没有责备宋徽宗的荒政失国，反而津津乐道他在元宵灯节与民同乐的事情。这一点可以从一个侧面反映出元代汉族百姓的民族情绪。而在作者的时代，这些锦片繁华已经成为历史的陈迹，诗人通过“夷门怀古”来表达自己的思考和情感。
通过对于《白头父》的赏析，我们可以看到作者对于过去时光的怀念和对于民族情绪的表达。他通过描绘白头父们的谈话和回忆，展现了他们对于过去的追念和对于故国的爱国情感。同时，通过描述元代汴京的元宵灯市和白头父们的神往，作者也表达了自己对于历史的思考和情感。整篇赏析通过分析曲中的内容和意象，揭示了作者对于过去时光的怀念和对于民族情绪的表达。
《鹦鹉曲·夷门怀古》赏析详情»
冯子振
冯子振，字海粟，元代散曲名家，出生于1253年，去世于1348年。他自幼勤奋好学，元大德二年（1298年）以47岁的年龄登上进士及第，被人们称为“大器晚成”。朝廷非常重视他的才学，先后任命他为集贤院学士、待制，后来又担任承事郎，并连任保宁节度使（今四川境内）和彰德节度使（今河南安阳）。晚年他回到家乡，专心著述。他被世人称为“博洽经史，于书无所不记”，并且文思敏捷，下笔不能自休。他一生著述颇丰，传世的作品有《居庸赋》、《十八公赋》、《华清古乐府》、《海粟诗集》等，其中以散曲最为著名。