《东城送运判马察院》原文赏析
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dōng东chéng城sòng送yùn运pàn判mǎ马chá察yuàn院
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[sòng宋dài代]meí梅yáo尧chén臣
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chūn春fēng风chěng骋qiǎo巧rú如jiǎn翦dāo刀，xiān先cái裁yáng杨liǔ柳hòu后xìng杏táo桃。
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yuán圆jiān尖zuò作bàn瓣dé得shū疏mì密，yán颜sè色yòu又rǎn染yàn燕zhī脂láo牢。
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huáng黄lí鹂weì未míng鸣jiū鸠yù欲yǔ雨，shēn深yuán园jìng静shù墅shēng声áo嗷áo嗷。
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yì役tú徒kaī开biàn汴qián前rì日fàng放，yì亦jiāng将jué决shuǐ水guī归hé河cáo槽。
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dū都rén人qīng倾wàng望ruò若jiāo焦kě渴，hán寒shí食yǐ已jìn近gōu沟yǐ已táo淘。
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hé何dāng当huáng黄liú流yǔ与yǔ雨zhì至，yǔ雨shēn深yī一chǐ尺shuǐ水yī一gāo篙。
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dū都shuǐ水yù御shǐ史yì亦jí即xǐ喜，rì日yè夜shùn顺jí疾huí回qīng轻舠。
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pín频nián年wú吴chǔ楚suì岁kǔ苦hàn旱，yī一rěn稔weì未zú足shēng生zhī脂gāo膏。
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wú吾yuàn愿qǔ取zhī之wù勿qiú求xiàn羡，qióng穷niǎo鸟kùn困shòu兽yì易遯táo逃。
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wǒ我jīn今chū出chéng城qín勤sòng送zǐ子，gū沽jiǔ酒bù不xī惜diǎn典bì弊páo袍。
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shǔ数tú途bì必xiàng向suī睢yáng阳qù去，tài太fù傅dà大yǐn尹jiē皆yīng英háo豪。
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shì试qǐ乞èr二gōng公píng评wǒ我shuō说，wàn万fēn分qǐ岂bù不yì益yī一máo毛。
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guó国geǐ给mín民sū苏zì自yǒu有xiá暇，dōng东yuán园nǎi乃kě可zī资yóu游áo遨。
译文及注释
Translation: Spring has arrived and all things are recovering. The spring breeze is like a beautiful and clever girl walking gracefully with delicate steps. She wields scissors showcasing her superb craftsmanship. She first cuts out willow leaves and as the willow branches dance gently she then cuts out apricot leaves and peach leaves tender and green resembling the eyes and brows of children as if smiling at people. The apricot blossoms have round and plump petals while the peach blossoms have pointed and thick petals. The peach and apricot blossoms fill the branches without being crowded neither too sparse nor too dense appearing just right. The wind girl carefully adorns these flowers dressing them in red white and pink clothes. The white ones are as snow and the red ones are like rouge incredibly gorgeous embellishing spring with vibrant colors.
In this beautiful spring scenery although we are about to part ways everyone's mood is still good. Why is that? It turns out that for a long time the capital and the Jiangnan area have been suffering from drought. It hasn't rained for a long time and the Bian River has been dry for a long time making it impassable. Ma Zun who serves as a transport judge has been trapped in the capital for a long time and cannot return to his post in Jiangnan. But now the weather has improved the noisy orioles have stopped chirping and in the deep gardens and quiet ravines the cooing of doves can be heard from time to time. These are all signs of rain. Moreover the laborers involved in the project of diverting the Yellow River into the Bian River were dispatched the day before yesterday. It won't be long before the rushing waters of the Yellow River will flow into the Bian River. In this way the Bian River which has been closed for navigation for a long time will soon be open and Ma Zun will be able to leave the capital and go to his post. How can this not be a cause for joy and excitement? At this moment there is no need to be sad and sorrowful.
For a long time the people in the capital have been looking forward eagerly anticipating the early arrival of refreshing rain. Their mood is as eager as a thirsty person longing for water. On the eve of the Cold Food Festival all the canals and ditches in the capital have been dredged to quickly drain the water when heavy rain comes. If the ground can receive a foot of precipitation the drought will be relieved. If the Bian River can have a depth of one paddle it will be navigable. When the heavy rain comes and the waters of the Yellow River arrive not only will the people of the capital and the people of Wu and Chu be relieved of the drought but the Bian River will also be unobstructed. Ma Zun will no longer have to stay in the capital and can return to Jiangnan by taking a light boat sailing downstream and traveling day and night. That would be a cause for great joy.
Wu and Chu often suffer from severe droughts with consecutive years of poor harvests. Even if there is a good harvest this time due to a heavy rain the common people still cannot catch their breath. Under heavy taxes
《东城送运判马察院》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
创作背景：
这篇创作背景发生在皇桔四年（1052）的二月，地点是汴京东城。在这个时期，主人公正在送别他的朋友马遵，因为他即将前往另一个地方担任职务。与此同时，主人公自己则在汴京监永济仓工作。
这个背景描绘了一个古代城市的繁忙和人们的生活。汴京是北宋时期的首都，也是当时中国最大的城市之一。作为一个重要的政治和经济中心，汴京吸引了许多人前来工作和生活。
在这个背景下，主人公与他的朋友马遵告别。这可能是因为马遵被调任到另一个地方，或者是因为他们的工作和生活路径分开了。无论是哪种情况，这个告别标志着他们之间的友谊和合作的结束。
与此同时，主人公自己则在汴京监永济仓工作。永济仓是北宋时期的一个重要的粮食储备和分发中心。作为监仓的一员，主人公负责管理和监督粮食的储存和分发工作。这个工作的重要性体现了主人公的责任感和他对国家和人民的贡献。
整个背景描绘了一个充满活力和变化的时代。在这个时期，人们的生活和工作都与政治和经济密切相关。人们不仅要面对个人的变化和挑战，还要为国家和社会做出贡献。这个背景为故事的发展提供了一个丰富的背景和情境，同时也反映了当时社会的特点和价值观。
《东城送运判马察院》创作背景详情»
赏析
遵即将离开，诗人才会感到欣喜。
接下来的几句写到了送别的场景。诗人描述了马遵离开的情景，他骑着马，穿过了东城的城门，向着远方驰去。这里的描写非常生动，给人一种身临其境的感觉。同时，诗人还描绘了马遵的背影，他的身姿挺拔，英勇威武，给人留下了深刻的印象。
接下来的几句写到了诗人对马遵的赞美。诗人称赞马遵是一个有才华的人，他的文采出众，才情横溢。同时，诗人还提到了马遵的品德，他是一个正直善良的人，深受人们的敬重和喜爱。这里的赞美充满了诗人对马遵的敬佩之情。
最后几句写到了诗人对马遵的祝福。诗人希望马遵能够一路平安，顺利完成他的使命。同时，诗人还表达了对马遵的思念之情，希望他能够早日归来，与诗人再次相聚。
整首诗以送别为主题，通过对时间、场景、人物的描写，展现了诗人对马遵的深厚情谊和对人民疾苦的关心。诗人用生动的语言和细腻的描写，将送别的情感表达得淋漓尽致，给人留下了深刻的印象。这首诗既是对友人的告别，也是对人民的祝福，充满了温情和感动。
《东城送运判马察院》赏析详情»
梅尧臣
梅尧臣（1002～1060）是北宋著名现实主义诗人，字圣俞，世称宛陵先生。他出生于宣州宣城（今属安徽）一个汉族家庭。宣城古称宛陵，因此他被尊称为宛陵先生。
梅尧臣初次参加科举考试时没有获得名次，后来通过荫补成为河南主簿。直到50岁时，他才在皇祐三年（1051）得到宋仁宗的召试，被赐予同进士出身的资格，并被任命为太常博士。在欧阳修的推荐下，他成为国子监的直讲，后来晋升为尚书都官员外郎。因此，他被世人称为“梅直讲”、“梅都官”。
梅尧臣曾参与编撰《新唐书》，并为《孙子兵法》作注。他的注释是孙子十家著（或十一家著）之一。他还有《宛陵先生集》60卷的著作，以及《四部丛刊》影明刊本等。此外，他还有两首词作传世。
梅尧臣的生平可以总结为：出生于1002年，出生地为宣州宣城（今属安徽），初试不第，后荫补河南主簿。50岁时，获得宋仁宗的召试，并被赐予同进士出身的资格，成为太常博士。在欧阳修的推荐下，他成为国子监的直讲，后来晋升为尚书都官员外郎。他参与编撰《新唐书》，并为《孙子兵法》作注。他的著作有《宛陵先生集》60卷和《四部丛刊》影明刊本等。他还有两首传世词作。梅尧臣去世的具体时间和地点暂无相关记录。