《沁园春·带湖新居将成》原文赏析

  • qìn
    yuán
    chūn
    ·
    dài
    xīn
    jiāng
    chéng
  • [
    sòng
    dài
    ]
    xīn
  • sān
    jìng
    chū
    chéng
    yuàn
    yuán
    jīng
    jià
    xuān
    weì
    lái
    shèn
    yún
    shān
    píng
    shēng
    guàn
    rén
    xiào
    chén
    juàn
    hái
    shēn
    xián
    guì
    zǎo
    weí
    chú
    gēng
    kuài
    zaī
    qiū
    jiāng
    shàng
    kàn
    jīng
    xián
    yàn
    hài
    làng
    chuán
    huí
  • dōng
    gāng
    gēng
    máo
    zhaī
    hǎo
    xuān
    chuāng
    lín
    shuǐ
    kaī
    yào
    xiǎo
    zhōu
    xíng
    diào
    xiān
    yìng
    zhòng
    liǔ
    shū
    zhú
    guān
    meí
    qiū
    kān
    cān
    chūn
    lán
    peì
    liú
    dài
    xiān
    shēng
    shǒu
    zaī
    chén
    yín
    jiǔ
    jūn
    ēn
    weì
    pái
    huái

原文: 三径初成,鹤怨猿惊,稼轩未来。甚云山自许,平生意气;衣冠人笑,抵死尘埃。意倦须还,身闲贵早,岂为莼羹鲈脍哉。秋江上,看惊弦雁避,骇浪船回。
东冈更葺茅斋。好都把轩窗临水开。要小舟行钓,先应种柳;疏篱护竹,莫碍观梅。秋菊堪餐,春兰可佩,留待先生手自栽。沉吟久,怕君恩未许,此意徘徊。


相关标签:思归沁园春

译文及注释

Translation: The secluded garden has just blossomed and the white cranes and monkeys are all surprised. The owner has not returned and the seclusion in the mountains and forests is my lifelong aspiration. Why am I willing to be laughed at by scholars and always mingle in the dust? If tired of the officialdom one should retire swiftly like a rushing river. It is better to seek leisure earlier not just for enjoying delicacies. Look at the autumn river listen to the sound of bowstrings the startled geese quickly dodge and the boats turn back because of the approaching waves.

On the eastern hill build a thatched study it is best to have the doors and windows facing the lake. To row a boat and fish first plant rows of willows; insert sparse fences to protect the green bamboo but do not obstruct the appreciation of plum blossoms. Autumn chrysanthemums can be eaten spring orchids can be worn these two flowers are left for me to plant when I return. I ponder repeatedly fearing that the emperor will not allow me to leave and the chapter of seclusion is still hesitating.

Annotation:
- Qin Yuan Chun: a famous ci poem.
- Dai Hu: located at the foot of Ling Mountain in the northern part of Xinzhou Prefecture now in Shangrao City Jiangxi Province.
- San Jing: refers to the dwelling place of a recluse. San Fu Jue Lu: Jiang Xu also known as Yuan Qing In the house there are three paths only seeking Zhong and Yang Zhong to accompany. They are all recluses. Later the dwelling place of a recluse was called San Jing. Tao Yuanming's Returning Home Farewell: The three paths are deserted but the pine and chrysanthemums still remain.
- He Yuan Yuan Jing: expresses the author's eager desire to seclude himself. It is a reference to Kong Zhigui's North Mountain Moving Text: Until the wind returns to the curtain the mist rises from the eaves the fragrant tent is empty and the night crane laments the mountain man leaves and the morning monkey is startled.
- Jia Xuan: the pen name of Xin Qiji. Hong Mai's Jia Xuan Ji says: Xin Qiji built a grand private villa in Dai Hu with over a hundred rooms on the right side and a rice field on the left side. There is also a vacant land for ten bows. If he is to retire and return he must personally cultivate the land. Therefore he built a house on a high place to overlook it which is called Jia Xuan. And he named a pavilion by the field as Zhi Zhang as if he would really hold the plow and hoe.
- Shen: exactly. Yunshan rural area. Shi Ji Guan Yan Lie Zhuan: He held a large umbrella rode a fast horse with a proud look very pleased with himself. Here it means spirit or demeanor.
- Yi Guan Ren: upper class or noble people.
- Di Si: ultimately after all.
- Yi Juan Xu Huan: here it refers to returning home after retiring.
- Chun Geng Lu Kuai: delicacies. Shi Shuo Xin Yu Shi Jian Pian: Zhang Han an official of the Western Jin Dynasty When he saw the autumn wind blowing he thought of the lotus soup chrysanthemum dish and braised perch in Wu and said 'Life is precious when you are content. How can you be bound by fame and position thousands of miles away?' So he ordered his carriage to return.
- The three lines On the autumn river metaphorically describe encountering setbacks and being ostracized in the officialdom hence the need to retreat. 《沁园春·带湖新居将成》译文及注释详情»

创作背景

这篇创作背景描述了辛弃疾在宋孝宗淳熙八年(1181年)时的情况。当时,辛弃疾已经四十二岁,担任江西路安抚使的职位。这是他第二次被任命为江西路的官员,因此对江西的地理山川非常熟悉。基于这个原因,他选择了上饶的带湖一带修建了一座新居,作为将来退隐之处,并将其命名为“稼轩”。

在这一年,辛弃疾的新居已经基本建成,他因此写下了这首词。这首词可能是他对新居的感慨和思考的表达,也可能是他对自己未来退隐生活的期望和向往。这首词可能描绘了新居的美景和宁静,也可能表达了辛弃疾对于离开官场、追求自由和内心宁静的渴望。

总之,这篇创作背景为读者提供了辛弃疾在宋孝宗淳熙八年时的背景信息,以及他修建新居并写下这首词的原因和动机。这些背景信息有助于读者更好地理解和欣赏这首词的内涵和意义。 《沁园春·带湖新居将成》创作背景详情»

赏析

辛弃疾是一位力主抗金的词人,他希望能够收复中原,但朝廷却没有这个意愿,因此他的壮志难以实现,一生中多次遭到贬斥。由于不能在南宋统治集团中找到立足之地,他感到前途险恶,必将被逐出宦途。为了未来的退隐计划,他在江西安抚使任上,在上饶城北的湖边修建了一所新居,取名为“稼轩”,并自号为“稼轩居士”,以表明他将来要去官务农的志向。这首词是在新居即将落成的时候,也就是淳熙八年(1181年)写的,表达了他当时复杂的感情和万端的感慨。

上片主要写了他萌发弃政归田之念。首句直接点明了主题。在西汉时期,蒋诩隐居时门前有三条小路,因此“三径”成了隐士居住的代称。陶渊明的《归去来辞》中也有“三径就荒,松菊犹存”的句子。辛弃疾在词中提到“三径初成”,意味着他将来有一个安身之处,尽管他失意,但也有几分欣慰之情。然而,作者并没有直接表达这层意思,而是通过“鹤怨猿惊,稼轩未来”来暗示。这里的“鹤怨猿惊”出自南齐孔稚珪的《北山移文》:“蕙空兮夜鹤怨,山人去兮晓猿惊。”不同的是,孔稚珪是描述了鹤猿对周颙隐居而复仕的惊怨,而辛弃疾则是假设鹤猿对自己仕途不归感到怨恨。这两句词是从新居的角度写的,表达了他对自己早日归隐的期望。接下来的“甚云山”四句,是作者自言自语的表达,写出了他的主观想法。既然他的志向是以“云自许”为目标,为什么还要继续在尘世中做官,招来先贤隐士的嘲笑呢?显然,这只是辛弃疾在遭受投降派的一连串打击后,发泄牢骚和自嘲的表达。谁不知道,辛弃疾的“平生意气”是要抗金复国,统一金瓯,岂能满足于“云山自许”呢!然而现实情况不容许,他无法改变,只能接受现实。因此,他表示自己厌倦了现状,身闲更加珍贵,何必为了享受美食而留在官场呢?词人不愿意做违背内心的事情,他认为既然厌恶这个丑恶的官场,又无法以自己的力量改变,那就应该勇敢地退隐,越早越好,不要等到被人赶下台才离开。再说,他也不像西晋的张翰那样因为想念家乡美味的鲈鱼脍和莼菜羹而放弃官职回乡,他心中无愧,又何必为了享受美食而留在官场呢?

这篇词表达了辛弃疾对官场的失望和对归隐田园生活的向往。他希望能够早日实现自己的退隐计划,摆脱世俗的纷扰,过上宁静自在的生活。这首词充满了辛弃疾的个人情感和对人生的思考,展现了他作为一位抗金志士的坚定信念和对理想的追求。 《沁园春·带湖新居将成》赏析详情»

鉴赏

身闲”,不再享受官场的繁华。这三句词意相互呼应,表达了词人对归隐生活的渴望和对官场生活的厌倦。

接下来的两句“独自怜幽草,更无人共白头”,表达了词人对于归隐生活的向往和对于伴侣的思念。词人独自怜爱着幽草,寄托了对于宁静自由的向往,同时也表达了对于伴侣的思念之情。更无人共白头,意味着词人希望能够与伴侣共享白头之约,共度余生。

最后两句“此身常想向天游,山水难忘,更有何求”表达了词人对于自由自在的向往和对于美好事物的珍惜。词人常常想象自己能够自由地在天空中飞翔,享受山水之美,这是他最大的愿望。山水难忘,更有何求,表达了词人对于美好事物的珍惜和对于世俗名利的不屑一顾。

整首词以思归为主题,通过对于带湖的描写和对于归隐生活的向往,表达了词人对于自由自在、宁静安逸的生活的渴望。词人通过对于自然景色的描绘和对于个人情感的表达,展现了自己对于归隐生活的热爱和对于官场生活的厌倦,同时也表达了对于伴侣的思念和对于美好事物的珍惜。整首词情感真挚,意境深远,给人以思考和共鸣的空间。 《沁园春·带湖新居将成》鉴赏详情»

宋代诗人辛弃疾的照片
辛弃疾

辛弃疾(1140-1207)是南宋时期的一位著名词人。他原名坦夫,后改名幼安,又有别号稼轩,是汉族,出生于历城(今山东济南)。辛弃疾出生时,中原地区已经被金兵占领。

辛弃疾在21岁时参加了抗金义军,不久后回到南宋。他历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东等地的安抚使职位。一生致力于抗金事业,曾上书《美芹十论》和《九议》,提出了战守之策。他的词作表达了力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情,倾诉了壮志难酬的悲愤,对当时执政者的屈辱求和进行了谴责。同时,他也创作了不少描写祖国河山的作品。他的词题材广泛,善于运用前人典故,风格既沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。

由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当时执政者的主和派政见不合,他后来被弹劾落职,退隐江西带湖。辛弃疾的一生充满了忧国忧民的情怀,他的词作对后世影响深远,被誉为南宋词坛的巨星。

猜您喜欢

崔中举进士游岳阳遇真人录沁园

唐代 吕岩

腹内婴儿养已成,且居廛市暂娱情。
无端措大刚饶舌,却入白云深处行。

沁园春(乙卯初度和程都大韵)

宋代 李曾伯

雪山有缘,白首重来,信不偶然。怅怆凄未洗,平戎何策,英灵不绝,赖蜀多贤。耆旧二三,甲兵百万,力障狂澜回巨川。秋声静,共巍楼把酒,自足筹边。
何人为我笺天。焉用此客星留井躔。正柴桑栗里,稻肥蟹健,松江笠泽,莼美鲈鲜。百计求闲,一归未得,便得归闲能几年。持公赋,待后堂新唱,夸语彭宣。

沁园春(送辛幼安弟赴桂林官)

宋代 刘过

天下稼轩,文章有弟,看来未迟。正三齐盗起,两河民散,势倾似土,国泛如杯。猛士云飞,狂胡灰灭,机会之来人共知。何为者,望桂林西去,一骑星驰。
离筵不用多悲唤红袖佳人分藕丝。种黄柑千户,梅花万里,等闲游戏,毕竟男儿。入幕来南,筹边如北,翻覆手高来去棋。公余且,画玉簪珠履,倩米元晖。