译文及注释

译文：住在湘江岸边四周没有邻居，世俗的尘网无法束缚总令人珍重。
Translation: Living by the banks of the Xiang River without any neighbors the worldly dust cannot bind and always makes people cherish it.

空闲的庭院种上芍药邀请国老，打开陈年老酒清扫厅堂接待贤人。
Translation: In the leisurely courtyard peonies are planted to invite old friends opening aged wine to clean the hall and receive wise men.

清泉浅浅地回漩在石上傍依着高高的柳树，小路婉转在垂下的藤条间隔的绿竹中。
Translation: The clear spring gently swirls by the stones leaning against the tall willow trees. The winding path weaves through the hanging vines and the spaced green bamboo.

上路偏偏又遭到鹅儿戏弄，出门却见鸥鸟自由飞翔相爱。
Translation: Just as I set off on the road I am playfully teased by geese but when I step out I see seagulls and birds freely flying and loving each other.

注释：
崔中丞：崔敏，元和三年任永州刺史，与诗人关系较好。
Annotation: Cui Zhongcheng: Cui Min appointed as the governor of Yongzhou in the third year of the Yuanhe era had a good relationship with the poet.

卢少府：此人名不详。少府，官名，唐代因县令称明府，县尉为县令之佐，遂称县尉为少府。
Annotation: Lu Shaofu: The name of this person is unknown. Shaofu is an official title. In the Tang Dynasty the county magistrate was called Mingfu and the county lieutenant was the assistant to the county magistrate so the county lieutenant was called Shaofu.

婴（yīng）：缠绕，羁绊。
Annotation: Ying (yīng): entanglement bondage.

延：邀请。
Annotation: Yan: invite.

樽（罇）（zūn）：酒杯，引申为盛酒的器皿。
Annotation: Zun (zūn): wine cup extended to refer to a vessel for holding wine.

值：当值，引申为接待。
Annotation: Zhi: be on duty extended to mean reception.

筠（yún）：竹子的表皮。引申为竹子的别称。
Annotation: Yun (yún): the outer skin of bamboo. Extended to refer to another name for bamboo.

闻道：闻，布达。闻道，声闻于路，即上路。
Annotation: Wen Dao: Wen means to spread. Wen Dao means to spread one's reputation on the road which refers to setting off on a journey.

五禽戏：古代一种体育治疗法。其法仿虎、鹿、熊、猿、鸟的姿态。五禽：指鸡、鸭、鹅、鸽、鹑五种家禽，五禽中鹅追赶人。诗中以五禽代鹅既写丰足，暗寓自己的衷曲。
Annotation: Wu Qin Xi: an ancient therapeutic exercise method. It imitates the postures of tiger deer bear monkey and bird. Wu Qin refers to five domestic birds: chicken duck goose pigeon and quail. Among the five birds the goose chases after people. In the poem using the five birds to represent the goose not only depicts abundance but also implies the poet's inner feelings. 《从崔中丞过卢少尹郊居》译文及注释详情»

赏析

的环境，暗示了诗人的孤独和与世隔绝的境遇。接着描写了卢少府城郊住处的安静祥和的景致，展现了楚南的朴实民风。主人热情招待客人，陈年老酒的芳香和笑语欢声，更加凸显了诗中的和谐氛围。整首诗以平和、宁静的笔调描绘了楚南的风景和人情，但其中透露出诗人的悲愤和凄凉之情。

诗人柳宗元在这首诗中通过描写楚南的景致和民风，表达了自己对理想社会的向往。他提出了“民利民自利”的政治主张，希望人们能够按照社会规范自律，实现物资自由流通和人与人之间的和谐相处。然而，现实与理想之间存在着巨大的矛盾，诗人的谪居南荒和心境的悲凉与不平，正是对现实的不满和对理想的追求的反映。

整首诗以白描手法描绘了楚南的景致和民风，通过细腻的描写展现了楚南的朴实和宁静。诗人运用生动的场景和形象描绘，使读者仿佛置身于楚南的田园风光之中。同时，诗人通过描写楚南的风景和民风，表达了自己对理想社会的向往和对现实的不满。整首诗既有和谐祥和的氛围，又透露出诗人的孤凄和心境的悲凉，给人以深深的思考和感慨。

《从崔中丞过卢少尹郊居》赏析详情»