《从军诗五首·其二》原文赏析
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cóng从jūn军shī诗wǔ五shǒu首·qí其èr二
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[liǎng两hàn汉]wáng王càn粲
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liáng凉fēng风lì厉qiū秋jié节，sī司diǎn典gào告xiáng详xíng刑。
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wǒ我jūn君shùn顺shí时fā发，huán桓huán桓dōng东nán南zhēng征。
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fàn泛zhōu舟gài盖cháng长chuān川，chén陈zú卒beì被xí隰埛。
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zhēng征fū夫huái怀qīn亲qī戚，shuí谁néng能wú无liàn恋qíng情。
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fǔ拊jīn衿yǐ倚zhōu舟qiáng樯，juàn眷juàn眷sī思yè邺chéng城。
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aī哀bǐ彼dōng东shān山rén人，kuì喟rán然gǎn感guàn鹳míng鸣。
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rì日yuè月bù不ān安chù处，rén人shuí谁huò获héng恒níng宁。
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xī昔rén人cóng从gōng公dàn旦，yī一cú徂zhé辄sān三líng龄。
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jīn今wǒ我shén神wǔ武shī师，zàn暂wǎng往bì必sù速píng平。
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qì弃yú余qīn亲mù睦ēn恩，shū输lì力jié竭zhōng忠zhēn贞。
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jù惧wú无yī一fū夫yòng用，bào报wǒ我sù素cān餐chéng诚。
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sù夙yè夜zì自恲xìng性，sī思shì逝ruò若chōu抽yíng萦。
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jiāng将bǐng秉xiān先dēng登yǔ羽，qǐ岂gǎn敢tīng听jīn金shēng声。
译文及注释
Translation:
The cool autumn wind of severity has arrived and it is time to carefully consider military expeditions. Our lord should timely set out for battle and our brave army will march to punish Sun Quan. The fleet of expeditionary ships covers the river and the soldiers are deployed throughout the outskirts. The soldiers who go to war miss their loved ones as who can be without feelings of longing? Touching their clothes and leaning against the mast they cannot help but think of the city of Ye. The protagonist of the poem Dongshan evokes sympathy as the cries of the storks bring forth sadness in their hearts. The sun and moon continue to move and people are amidst the chaos of war how can they find peace? In ancient times people followed Duke Zhou in battle and once they left it would be three years. Our lord's mighty army will surely achieve victory quickly. They will sacrifice their deep feelings for their families and contribute their utmost loyalty to this expedition. I am afraid that my weak strength and limited virtue cannot compare to an ordinary person's contribution and I can only repay the grace of receiving a salary without merit with sincerity. I am constantly filled with gratitude and thoughts of repaying kindness linger in my heart. I only wish to make achievements and establish a career as a pioneer and I have no time to stop and listen to the sound of the golden horn.
Annotations:
厉 (lì): to rectify or discipline. 秋节 (qiū jié): autumn season. 厉秋节 refers to the season for military campaigns. According to The Book of Rites - Monthly Ordinances during the month of Mengqiu when the cool wind of autumn arrives it is the beginning of killing and slaughter. The emperor then orders the generals to organize the army and go to war against injustice.
司典 (sī diǎn): the official in charge of criminal law. 详刑 (xiáng xíng): also written as 祥刑 it means that judicial decisions should be cautious and skillful in the use of punishment.
我君 (wǒ jūn): refers to Cao Cao. 顺 (shùn): to adapt or conform. 时 (shí): season or time.
桓桓 (huán huán): the appearance of bravery. 东南征: refers to the expedition against Sun Quan.
泛舟 (fàn zhōu): to sail. 盖长川: to cover the water surface.
陈卒 (chén zú): soldiers lined up. 被 (bèi): covered. 隰 (xí): low-lying place. 埛 (jiōng): distant outskirts.
征夫 (zhēng fū): soldiers going on an expedition. 亲戚 (qīn qi): relatives.
恋情 (liàn qíng): feelings of attachment or longing.
拊 (fǔ): to stroke or caress. 衿 (jīn): collar. 樯 (qiáng): mast.
眷眷 (juàn juàn): the appearance of attachment and reluctance. In the poem Deng Lou Fu there is a line 情眷眷而怀归兮 which has the same meaning as this.
东山: a poem in the Book of Songs - Bin Feng describing the life of ancient warfare and the soldiers' longing for their past hometown and loved ones. 东山人: refers to the author of the poem Dongshan.
喟然 (kuì rán): the appearance of sighing. 鹳 (guàn): a type of bird.
《从军诗五首·其二》译文及注释详情»
赏析
这篇赏析是对一首诗的分析和解读。该诗分为两个段落，第一段描写了出征前的场面和战士的心情，第二段则表达了士兵们为了一统天下而舍生忘死的决心。
第一段的开头四句描述了大军出征的时机和目的，说明他们出征是顺应时机和厉行秋节，目的是东南征战。接下来两句描写了出征大军的军容强盛严整。然后，诗人转变笔锋，从景物入手，表达了战士离开家乡赴疆场时的悲壮心情。尽管军容强盛严整，但由于连年征战，诗人对战争感到厌倦，因此用“倚舟樯”“思邺城”来表达他的思乡之情。
第二段从“日月不安处”开始，共有十四句。这一段表达了士兵们为了一统天下而舍生忘死的决心。起句中，诗人自问“日月不安处，人谁获恒宁”，然后通过对比典故，自答“今我神武师，暂往必速平”。最后，诗人用“输力竭忠贞”“将秉先登羽”来表达士兵们建功立业的决心和愿望。事实上，诗人自己也实践了自己的誓言，在第二年的正月病逝于征战途中。
整篇诗歌通过景物描写和情感表达相结合的方式，层层升华，过渡自然，曲折宛转。尤其是在第一段和第二段之间的转折，展示了诗人换笔换墨的巧妙之处。
《从军诗五首·其二》赏析详情»
王粲
王粲（177-217），字仲宣，山阳郡高平（今山东微山）人。他是东汉末年著名的文学家，也是“建安七子”之一。由于他的文才出众，被誉为“七子之冠冕”。
王粲最初在刘表的府中任职，后来转投曹操。他在文学方面有很高的造诣，尤其擅长作诗。他的诗作以豪放洒脱、意境深远而著称，被誉为“建安风骨”。他的作品多以抒发个人情感和对时事的思考为主题，表达了他对乱世的忧虑和对理想境界的追求。
王粲的文学才华备受赞誉，他的作品被广泛传播，并对后世文学产生了深远的影响。他的诗歌被后人收入《文选》等文集，成为后世文人学习的范本。
关于王粲的生平和死亡，具体的细节不太清楚。根据史书记载，他生于177年，逝世于217年，享年40岁。他的具体死因和死亡地点等信息目前无法确定。然而，他的文学成就和影响力使他成为中国文学史上的重要人物，他的作品至今仍被广泛传诵和研究。