《如鱼水·帝里疏散》原文赏析
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rú如yú鱼shuǐ水·dì帝lǐ里shū疏sàn散
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[sòng宋dài代]liǔ柳yǒng永
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dì帝lǐ里shū疏sàn散，shǔ数zài载jiǔ酒yíng萦huā花xì系，jiǔ九mò陌kuáng狂yóu游。liáng良jǐng景duì对zhēn珍yán筵nǎo恼，jiā佳rén人zì自yǒu有fēng风liú流。quàn劝qióng琼ōu瓯。jiàng绛chún唇qǐ启、gē歌fā发qīng清yōu幽。beì被jǔ举cuò措、yì艺zú足cái才gāo高，zài在chù处bié别dé得yàn艳jī姬liú留。
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fú浮míng名lì利，nǐ拟pīn拚xiū休。shì是feī非mò莫guà挂xīn心tóu头。fù富guì贵qǐ岂yóu由rén人，shí时huì会gāo高zhì志xū须chóu酬。mò莫xián闲chóu愁。gòng共lǜ绿yǐ蚁、hóng红fěn粉xiāng相yóu尤。xiàng向xiù绣wò幄，zuì醉yǐ倚fāng芳zī姿shuì睡，suàn算chú除cǐ此wài外hé何qiú求。
译文及注释
In the years I spent in the capital I indulged in wine and beautiful women out of boredom freely wandering the bustling streets of the city. I was captivated by the beautiful scenery exquisite feasts and the natural charm of the women. With their red lips they sang bright and enchanting songs while constantly urging me to drink. As a highly talented artist I was constantly sought after by beautiful women.
Fame and fortune are like fleeting clouds and I am willing to give them up without hesitation. I will not let worldly affairs bother me as wealth and status should not dictate my actions. When the time comes my noble aspirations will surely be realized. There is no need to worry unnecessarily. I will enjoy the company of the beautiful woman get drunk together and then go to her luxurious chamber to sleep together. Besides this I desire nothing else.
Annotations:
1. Like fish and water: the title of a poem with a melody called Xian Lv Diao. It consists of 94 characters in a double tone with the upper part having nine sentences in six flat tones and the lower part having nine sentences in seven flat tones.
2. Imperial city: refers to the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty Bianjing. Sǎn means to be carefree and unrestrained. Xie Lingyun's Passing by Bai'an Pavilion says It's better to be carefree and unrestrained and always hold on to simplicity.
3. Bound by wine and flowers: being captivated by wine and beautiful women.
4. Nine streets: In the Han Dynasty Chang'an Street had eight streets and nine avenues. Later it referred to the main roads of the capital city. Kuáng yóu means to wander freely. Gao Qi's Sending Zhang Yuanwai to the military post in Yue Shang says The knife is ready to repay the favor knowing that I am a wandering guest in Guangzhou.
5. Beautiful scenery: refers to the beautiful scenery. Yán means a luxurious feast. Nǎo means to be captivated. Wang Anshi's Night Pleasure says The spring scenery is annoying and I can't sleep the moon moves and the flower shadows rise on the railing.
6. Qióng ōu: a jade cup here referring to fine wine.
7. Crimson lips: red lips. Qīng yōu describes a clear and elegant singing voice.
8. Actions: to present and place here it means to value and elevate.
9. Everywhere: everywhere. Zhang Ji's Farewell to Wang Shiyu on his appointment as the magistrate of Shanzhou says There are few idle people in the capital only you and I ride side by side.
10. Specially obtained: to receive special attention.
11. Give up: to abandon. Xiū is a sentence-ending particle. Shi Nai'an's Water Margin says Wu Song laughed and said 'Let's settle the matter first then we can rest.'
12. Time: fortune. Chóu means to fulfill a wish. Li Pin's Thoughts of Returning in Spring says My lofty aspirations have not been fulfilled with a three-foot sword and my hometown is separated by thousands of mountains.
13. Green ants: when newly brewed wine has not been filtered sediment floats on the surface giving the wine a slightly green color (green wine) which is as fine as ants.
《如鱼水·帝里疏散》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
柳永是中国古代文学史上著名的词人之一，他的作品以描写爱情和人生苦难为主题，深受读者喜爱。在《鹤冲天·黄金榜上》之后不久，柳永初试落第，这对他来说无疑是一次巨大的打击。这篇创作背景将围绕着他从成功到失败的心理变化展开。
在《鹤冲天·黄金榜上》中，柳永以豪迈的笔触描绘了自己的壮志豪情和对功名的渴望。然而，初试落第的结果让他陷入了深深的失落和沮丧之中。这种心理变化在《观词中内容》中得到了明确的体现。
与《鹤冲天·黄金榜上》中的豪情壮志不同，《观词中内容》中的情绪变得低落而沉重。柳永通过词中的描写表达了他对失败的痛苦和对未来的迷茫。他感到自己的努力似乎毫无意义，一切都变得黯然失色。
这篇创作背景还可以描绘柳永在面对失败时的内心挣扎。他或许曾经怀疑自己的才华和能力，甚至对自己的人生产生了怀疑。他开始反思自己的选择和追求，思考人生的意义和价值。
然而，尽管柳永在《观词中内容》中表达了对失败的痛苦和迷茫，他并没有放弃。相反，他通过词中的描写展示了他对未来的希望和对自己的坚持。他或许意识到，失败只是人生中的一部分，而不是终点。
总之，这篇创作背景通过对柳永从成功到失败的心理变化进行描写，展示了他在面对挫折时的内心挣扎和对未来的希望。这种情感的转变使得《观词中内容》与《鹤冲天·黄金榜上》形成了鲜明的对比，同时也展示了柳永作为一个词人的成长和成熟。
《如鱼水·帝里疏散》创作背景详情»
赏析
《如鱼水》是柳永的一首词作，通过描写柳永的生活态度和心理历程，展现了他对功名利禄的追求和对感官享受的迷恋。
词的上片描写了柳永在汴京的生活，他过着不受拘束、纵情享乐的生活。柳永在汴京生活了很长时间，除了学业之外，他经常往来于歌妓酒馆，填词讨润笔。这段描写真实地展现了柳永的生活状态，他自称“数载酒萦花系，九陌狂游”，表达了他对纵情享乐的追求。
接下来的几句描写了柳永在帝都生活的细节，他享受着美景和美食，有佳人相伴，歌声清亮幽雅。这些细节进一步展示了柳永的生活态度和他对感官享受的追求。
词的下片则展示了柳永对名利的态度和内心的挣扎。虽然他表达了要放弃浮名利禄，忘却是非的决心，但他并没有完全忘情于世事。他高唱“富贵岂由人，时会高志须酬”，表达了他对富贵和成就的渴望。然而，柳永并没有李白那种狂放的气概，他的高调显得有些底气不足。最后，他走向了温柔乡，进入了无奈的境地。通过“除此外何求”前的“算”字，我们可以看出柳永曾反复地掂量过其他的生活方式，最终他还是选择了这种无奈的生活。
总的来说，《如鱼水》通过描写柳永的生活态度和心理历程，展现了他对功名利禄的追求和对感官享受的迷恋。词中的细节描写生动而真实，通过对柳永内心挣扎的描写，使读者对他的人生态度和心理状态有了更深入的了解。
《如鱼水·帝里疏散》赏析详情»
柳永
柳永（约987年—约1053年）是北宋时期著名的词人，也是婉约派的代表人物。他出生在汉族家庭，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又被称为柳七。他在宋仁宗朝考中进士，后来担任屯田员外郎的官职，因此被称为柳屯田。
柳永自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，一生致力于词的创作，自称“白衣卿相”。他的词作多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤其擅长抒写羁旅行役之情，创作的慢词较多。他的词作铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，因此在当时广泛流传，人们常说“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”。他是婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有着重大的影响。
柳永的代表作品包括《雨霖铃》和《八声甘州》。《雨霖铃》以描写雨夜中思念之情为主题，表达了对离别的思念之情。《八声甘州》则以描写甘州的美景和离别之苦为主题，表达了对故乡的思念之情。这两首词作都以其优美的语言和深情的表达而广受赞誉。
关于柳永的生平和死亡，由于历史记载的不完整，具体的时间和细节并不清楚。根据传说，柳永在约1053年去世，享年约66岁。他的词作虽然在他的一生中广泛流传，但他本人并没有得到太多的官职和荣誉。然而，他的词作却在后世被广泛传颂，成为中国文学史上的重要人物之一。