原文： 瞻卬昊天，则不我惠？孔填不宁，降此大厉。
邦靡有定，士民其瘵。
蟊贼蟊疾，靡有夷届。
罪罟不收，靡有夷瘳！人有土田，女反有之。
人有民人，女覆夺之。
此宜无罪，女反收之。
彼宜有罪，女覆说之。
哲夫成城，哲妇倾城。
懿厥哲妇，为枭为鸱。
妇有长舌，维厉之阶！乱匪降自天，生自妇人。
匪教匪诲，时维妇寺。
鞫人忮忒，谮始竟背。
岂曰不极，伊胡为慝？如贾三倍，君子是识。
妇无公事，休其蚕织。
天何以刺？何神不富？舍尔介狄，维予胥忌。
不吊不祥，威仪不类。
人之云亡，邦国殄瘁！天之降罔，维其优矣。
人之云亡，心之忧矣。
天之降罔，维其几矣。
人之云亡，心之悲矣！觱沸槛泉，维其深矣。
心之忧矣，宁自今矣？不自我先，不自我后。
藐藐昊天，无不可巩。
无忝皇祖，式救尔后。
Translation:
Looking up at the vast sky its intentions are profound but it shows no mercy to me. The world has long been in turmoil with great disasters causing unrest. There is no place of stability within the country harming both scholars and commoners. Diseases and pests destroy crops with no end in sight. The net of justice does not tighten and suffering and hardships continue to deepen.
Others have good farmland but you seize it for yourself. Others have strong labor but you take advantage of them. This person was originally innocent but you arrest and imprison them. That person is guilty but you pardon and forgive them.
Talented men become kings but when talented women arise the country falls. It is lamentable that this woman is too arrogant bringing about evil and infamy. She speaks eloquently and deceives with lies hiding the roots of disaster and evil. Calamity and chaos do not come from the heavens but from the realm of women. It is not others who teach her but because she is close to women's makeup.
Fabricating crimes and trapping innocent people contradicting oneself in words. Could it be that she is not ruthless? Who else is so wicked and evil! It is like a dishonest merchant making a fortune while a gentleman sees through it. Women should not be involved in politics abandoning their roles as silk weavers and female workers.
Why does the sky punish the suffering? Why do the gods not protect? The main enemy does not care only jealous of me. People suffer from disasters without sympathy and the rules and regulations are confused. Virtuous officials and scholars flee with no help for the country in crisis.
The merciless sky brings down its net of justice harsh and numerous difficult to escape. Virtuous officials and scholars are all exiled tasting the bitter fruit of worrying for the country. The merciless sky brings down its net of justice frequent emergencies that are hard to resist. Virtuous officials and scholars are all killed and the heart is filled with sorrow for the country in distress.
The gushing spring boils and sprays water the source is deep. The heart is filled with sorrow for the country in distress is it that today's worries have just begun? No disasters were heavy during life but after death chaos and calamity do not follow. The vast earth and sky are unfathomable controlling the lives of all beings. Do not disgrace your ancestors save the country for future generations.
Annotations:
卬（yǎng）: Same as 仰 (yǎng) to look up.
昊（hào）天: The vast sky.
惠: Love.
填: Same as 尘 (chén) long-lasting.
厉: Disaster.
士民: Scholars and commoners.
瘵（zhài）: Disease.
蟊（máo）: Insects that harm crops. 贼、疾: Harm.
夷: Peaceful. 届: To the extreme.
罟（gǔ）: Net. 罪罟: The net of criminal punishment.
瘳（chōu）: Recover from illness.
覆: Reverse.
说: Same as 脱 (tuō) to remove.
哲: Wisdom.
懿（yì）: Same as 噫 (yī) an interjection.
枭（xiāo）: A legendary bird that eats its mother when it grows up. 鸱（chī）: Evil sound.
《瞻卬》译文及注释详情»
这篇创作背景描述了一首讽刺周幽王乱政亡国的诗。周幽王是一个昏愦腐朽的君主，他宠幸褒姒，败坏纪纲，任用奸人，斥逐贤良，倒行逆施，招致了天怒人怨。与此同时，北方的犬戎趁机入侵，杀死了周幽王，导致了西周的灭亡。因此，诗人写下了这首《大雅·瞻卬》来讽刺周幽王的行为。 《瞻卬》创作背景详情»
临的悲愤之情也表达得淋漓尽致。他通过揭示幽王的荒淫无度、不理朝政、重用佞人、欲废申后等种种罪行，深刻地揭示了幽王统治下的社会黑暗和政治腐败。他认为女人得宠是祸乱的根源，谗言和搬弄是非是其害人的主要手段。他提出了杜绝“女祸”的有效方法，即让女人从事女工蚕织、不干朝政。他直诉幽王的罪状，指责他不忌戎狄，反怨贤臣，导致人亡国殄。面对天灾人祸，他表达了忧时忧国的心情，并提出了匡时补救的方案以劝戒君王。
《瞻卬》通过对周幽王统治下的社会黑暗和政治腐败的揭示，展现了一幅西周社会崩溃前夕的历史画面。诗中列举了幽王的恶行，如罗织罪名、苛政暴敛、侵占土地、放纵罪人等，全面而形象地展现了幽王统治下的社会现实。作者对幽王的所作所为进行了无情的揭露和严正批判，表达了对贤臣亡故、国运濒临的悲愤之情。他的揭露和批判不仅可以从史书中得到印证，还补充了史书记载的疏露与不足。
尽管《瞻卬》的作者不得而知，但他对幽王统治下的社会黑暗和政治腐败的深恶痛绝是显而易见的。他通过诗歌表达了对幽王的无情揭露和严正批判，对贤臣亡故、国运濒临的悲愤之情也表达得淋漓尽致。这首诗不仅揭示了幽王统治下的社会现实，还提出了杜绝“女祸”的有效方法，并呼吁君王匡时补救。《瞻卬》以其深刻的思想和犀利的批判，成为了一部重要的文学作品。
《瞻卬》鉴赏详情»