译文及注释

译文：
知了在枯秃的桑林鸣叫，八月的萧关道气爽秋高。
Cicadas chirp in the barren mulberry forest the August wind on the desolate pass is cool and the autumn sky is high.
出塞后再入塞气候变冷，关内关外尽是黄黄芦草。
After leaving the border and re-entering the climate becomes colder both inside and outside the pass are filled with yellow reeds.
自古来河北山西的豪杰，都与尘土黄沙伴随到老。
Since ancient times heroes from Hebei and Shanxi have been accompanied by dust and yellow sand until old age.
莫学那自恃勇武游侠儿，自鸣不凡地把骏马夸耀。
Don't imitate those self-proclaimed brave and adventurous youths arrogantly boasting about their excellent horses.

牵马饮水渡过了那大河，水寒刺骨秋风如剑如刀。
Leading the horse to drink water and crossing the river the cold water and bone-chilling autumn wind are like swords.
沙场广袤夕阳尚未下落，昏暗中看见遥远的临洮。
The vast battlefield the setting sun has not yet set dimly seeing the distant Lin Tao.
当年长城曾经一次鏖战，都说戍边战士的意气高。
In the past the Great Wall had fought a fierce battle and it is said that the morale of the border soldiers was high.
自古以来这里黄尘迷漫，遍地白骨零乱夹着野草。
Since ancient times this place has been filled with yellow dust scattered with bones and wild grass.

一位大将从宫中奉旨出征，全权征调天下的兵马。
A general was ordered to go on a expedition from the palace with full authority to mobilize the army from all over the country.
朝廷用很重的礼仪拜将出征，沿途州县皆出城迎送。
The court used heavy etiquette to bid farewell to the general and cities and counties along the way all came out to welcome him.
参战数万将士多而杂乱，经过战斗后却无一生还。
Tens of thousands of soldiers participated in the war but after the battle none of them returned alive.
我希望宫中享乐用的马，能把赐给守边将士以御外敌。
I hope that the horses used for enjoyment in the palace can be given to the border soldiers to defend against external enemies.

边关是一片悲戚的气氛，因为刚刚埋葬了因战殉国的霍将军。
The border is filled with a sad atmosphere because General Huo who died in battle for the country was just buried.
他的部分都来吊唁他，他的死震动了北方地区。
His subordinates came to mourn him and his death shocked the northern region.
将军离世，部下功勋被废，他们不久也将被分调。
After the general's death his subordinates' achievements were disregarded and they will soon be transferred.
将军的部下仍被派去守边，而他们悲愤，也只能仰天痛哭。
The general's subordinates are still sent to guard the border and they can only look up to the sky and cry in grief.

注释：
空桑林：桑林因秋来落叶而变得空旷、稀疏。
Empty mulberry forest: The mulberry forest becomes empty and sparse due to the falling leaves in autumn.
萧关：宁夏古关塞名。
Xiao Pass: An ancient pass in Ningxia.
入塞寒：一作复入塞。
Entering the border again it becomes cold: alternatively written as re-entering the border.
幽并：幽州和并州，今河北、山西和陕西一部分。
You and Bing: Youzhou and Bingzhou now part of Hebei Shanxi and Shaanxi.
共尘沙：一作向沙场。
Together with the dust and sand: alternatively written as heading to the battlefield.
游侠儿：都市游侠少年。
Adventurous youth: Urban young adventurers.
矜：自夸。紫骝：紫红色的骏马。
Boasting: To boast. Purple horse: A horse with a purple-red color.
此首一本题作《望临洮》。
This poem is also titled Looking at Lin Tao in some versions.
饮（yìn）马：给马喝水。
Giving water to the horse: Quenching the horse's thirst.
平沙：广漠的沙原。
Flat sand: Vast sandy plain.
黯（àn）黯：昏暗模糊的样子。临洮：古县名，秦置，治所在今甘肃岷县，以临近洮水得名。秦筑长城，西起于此，故有“昔日长城战”之语。
Dim: Dim and hazy appearance. Lin Tao: An ancient county name established by the Qin Dynasty with its capital in present-day Min County Gansu Province named after its proximity to the Tao River. The Great Wall was built by the Qin Dynasty starting from here hence the phrase the ancient battle of the Great Wall.
昔：一作“当”。长：一作“龙”。
In the past: alternatively written as when. Chang: alternatively written as dragon.
足：一作“漏”，一作“是”。
Enough: alternatively written as leak or is.
蓬蒿：蓬草蒿草之类杂草。
Penghao: Various types of weeds such as mugwort and wormwood.
诗末全诗校：“一本无以下二首。同《塞上曲》题作三首。”
At the end of the poem the entire poem is corrected: One version does not have the following two poems. Titled as three poems in 'Song of the Frontier'. 《塞下曲四首》译文及注释详情»