《自代内赠》原文赏析
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zì自dài代neì内zèng赠
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[táng唐dài代]lǐ李bái白
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bǎo宝dāo刀jié截liú流shuǐ水，wú无yǒu有duàn断jué绝shí时。
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qiè妾yì意zhú逐jūn君xíng行，chán缠mián绵yì亦rú如zhī之。
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bié别lái来mén门qián前cǎo草，qiū秋xiàng巷chūn春zhuàn转bì碧。
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sǎo扫jìn尽gēng更hái还shēng生，qī萋qī萋mǎn满xíng行jī迹。
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míng鸣fèng凤shǐ始xiāng相dé得，xióng雄jīng惊cí雌gè各feī飞。
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yóu游yún云luò落hé何shān山？yī一wǎng往bù不jiàn见guī归。
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gū估kè客fā发dà大lóu楼，zhī知jūn君zài在qiū秋pǔ浦。
译文及注释
Translation:
Using a precious sword to cut through flowing water there will never be a moment when the water stops flowing.
My affection chases after you lingering and tender like the continuous flowing water.
The wild grass in front of the door turns yellow in autumn and becomes green again in spring after we part.
No matter how much we clear it it grows back lush and covering the path.
We were in perfect harmony just beginning a joyful life but we were separated one in the north and one in the south.
Like floating clouds where did you land? Once you left you never returned.
A merchant came from Dalou Mountain and that's when I found out you settled in Qiupu.
Here in Liangyuan I hold onto a silk quilt on an empty bed often dreaming of meeting you on the balcony of Wushan.
My family used to be influential but after losing power we left Western Qin.
I still have the musical instrument from the past and the melancholic music disturbs the neighbors.
The melodious tune flies into the purple clouds in the sky crying and lamenting but I cannot see my beloved.
My sisters mock and ridicule me and tears of sadness and shame flow endlessly.
I am like a peach tree in a deep courtyard blooming with beautiful flowers but who can I smile for?
You are like the bright moon in the sky but you refuse to shine your clear light on me even once.
In the mirror I no longer recognize myself because I have become increasingly haggard after our separation.
How can I obtain a Qin Ji? With its loud and powerful voice it can express my heartfelt emotions.
Annotations:
内: Refers to the wife.
逐: To follow or pursue.
如之: Like this.
萋萋: Refers to the lush and thriving appearance of green grass.
游云: Refers to a husband whose whereabouts are uncertain like drifting clouds.
估客: Refers to a merchant. In this context it refers to the person who delivered a message for Li Bai. 大楼: Refers to Dalou Mountain located in present-day Guichi County Anhui Province.
梁苑: Refers to Liangyuan a garden built by Prince Xiao of Liang during the Han Dynasty.
锦衾: A quilt made of silk fabric. 衾: Refers to a quilt.
阳台: According to the Gao Tang Fu by Song Yu it describes a scene where Chu Xiangwang and Song Yu visited the Yunmeng Terrace and saw clouds floating above the Tangguan. The king asked Yu what kind of clouds they were and Yu replied that they were morning clouds. The story also mentions a woman from Wushan who became a guest in Gao Tang and offered her pillow and mat to the king.
《自代内赠》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
这篇创作背景描述了唐代著名诗人李白的婚姻经历。在开元十五年，李白与故相许圉师的孙女结婚，时年27岁。然而，仅三年后的开元十八年，许氏夫人去世，给李白带来了巨大的悲痛。约在天宝四年，也就是公元745年，李白被唐玄宗赐金还山，返回故乡。在梁苑（今河南商丘市），他与武后时的宰相宗楚客的孙女结婚。而这首诗大约是在天宝十二年，也就是公元753年，李白在秋浦时代妻宗氏的语气所作。这段背景为读者提供了李白婚姻生活的背景信息，为理解他的诗歌创作提供了重要线索。 《自代内赠》创作背景详情»
鉴赏
这首诗的最大特点是大量运用比喻来表情达意。诗中通过形象的比喻将“妾意”进行了高度概括，一开始就一目了然。作者用“妾意逐君行，缠绵亦如之。”来形容妻子的心意随着丈夫一同漂泊，情意缠绵就像不断流动的水一样。接着，诗中用门前的草来比喻丈夫离家时间之长。然后，作者又写夫妻二人如同受惊的凤凰鸟一样，各自飞奔。丈夫犹如游云一样，不知道落在何处，一去就不再回来。这些比喻生动地道出了妻子的切身感受，打动人心。后面的“妾似井底桃，开花向谁笑？君如天上月，不肯一回照。”中，宗氏把自己美好的年华比作“井底桃”，桃花虽然艳丽，但开在“井底”，又能得到谁的赏识和爱抚呢？自己犹如桃花，本为丈夫而开，但夫君就如天上的明月，连一次也不肯照到“井底”，照到自己身上。这种比喻新颖独特，别具一格。这首诗还运用了典故“阳台梦行雨”，既表现了夫妻二人相思之甚，也表现了夫妻二人相会之难，而且用得自如，毫无生搬硬套之感，突出艺术效果。诗歌最后用了“安得秦吉了，为人道寸心”，表示夫妻相见不能，作为妻子的宗氏有多少话要对夫君说啊，所以她就想到“秦吉了”。如果能得到一只“秦吉了”，让它代替自己去向丈夫表达自己的相思爱怜之意，该是多好。这最后四句，遣词用句，也自有特色，把全诗推向高潮。整首诗文词朴实，情感缠绵凄楚，是一首爱情诗。 《自代内赠》鉴赏详情»
李白
根据提供的内容，以下是对李白的整理补充，包括出生和死亡信息：
李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，是唐朝的浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。他的祖籍据待考，但出生地为西域碎叶城。在他4岁时，他随父亲迁往剑南道绵州。
李白是一位才华横溢的诗人，他的诗文作品超过千余篇，其中包括许多经典之作。他的作品以豪放奔放、情感激昂为特点，表达了他对自然、人生和爱情的热情追求。他的诗歌风格独特，充满了浪漫主义的色彩，对后世的文学创作产生了深远的影响。
李白的诗文集《李太白集》流传至今。这本集子收录了他的许多著名作品，成为了他的代表作品之一。
762年，李白因病去世，享年61岁。他的墓地位于今天的安徽当涂，而四川江油和湖北安陆也有纪念馆来纪念他的卓越贡献。李白的逝世给文学界带来了巨大的损失，但他的诗歌作品却永远留在了人们的心中，成为了中国文学史上的瑰宝。