《后赤壁赋》原文赏析
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hòu后cì赤bì壁fù赋
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[sòng宋dài代]sū苏shì轼
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<pabs_visibility="true">shì是suì岁shí十yuè月zhī之wàng望，bù步zì自xuě雪táng堂，jiāng将guī归yú于lín临gāo皋。
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èr二kè客cóng从yǔ予guò过huáng黄ní泥zhī之bǎn坂。
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shuāng霜lòu露jì既jiàng降，mù木yè叶jìn尽tuō脱，rén人yǐng影zài在dì地，yǎng仰jiàn见míng明yuè月，gù顾ér而lè乐zhī之，xíng行gē歌xiāng相dá答。
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yǐ已ér而tàn叹yuē曰：“yǒu有kè客wú无jiǔ酒，yǒu有jiǔ酒wú无yáo肴，yuè月bái白fēng风qīng清，rú如cǐ此liáng良yè夜hé何！”kè客yuē曰：“jīn今zhě者báo薄mù暮，jǔ举wǎng网dé得yú鱼，jù巨kǒu口xì细lín鳞，zhuàng状rú如sōng松jiāng江zhī之lú鲈。
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gù顾ān安suǒ所dé得jiǔ酒hū乎？”guī归ér而móu谋zhū诸fù妇。
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fù妇yuē曰：“wǒ我yǒu有dǒu斗jiǔ酒，zàng藏zhī之jiǔ久yǐ矣，yǐ以dài待zǐ子bù不shí时zhī之xū需。
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”yú于shì是xié携jiǔ酒yǔ与yú鱼，fù复yóu游yú于cì赤bì壁zhī之xià下。
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jiāng江liú流yǒu有shēng声，duàn断àn岸qiān千chǐ尺；shān山gāo高yuè月xiǎo小，shuǐ水luò落shí石chū出。
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céng曾rì日yuè月zhī之jǐ几hé何，ér而jiāng江shān山bù不kě可fù复shí识yǐ矣。
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yǔ予nǎi乃shè摄yī衣ér而shàng上，lǚ履巉yán岩，pī披méng蒙róng茸，jù踞hǔ虎bào豹，dēng登qiú虬lóng龙，pān攀qī栖hú鹘zhī之weī危cháo巢，fǔ俯féng冯yí夷zhī之yōu幽gōng宫。
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gài盖èr二kè客bù不néng能cóng从yān焉。
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huá划rán然cháng长xiào啸，cǎo草mù木zhèn震dòng动，shān山míng鸣gǔ谷yìng应，fēng风qǐ起shuǐ水yǒng涌。
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yǔ予yì亦qiāo悄rán然ér而beī悲，sù肃rán然ér而kǒ恐，lǐn凛hū乎qí其bù不kě可liú留yě也。
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fǎn反ér而dēng登zhōu舟，fàng放hū乎zhōng中liú流，tīng听qí其suǒ所zhǐ止ér而xiū休yān焉。
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shí时yè夜jiāng将bàn半，sì四gù顾jì寂liáo寥。
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shì适yǒu有gū孤hè鹤，héng横jiāng江dōng东lái来。
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cì翅rú如chē车lú轮，xuán玄shàng裳gǎo缟yī衣，jiá戛rán然cháng长míng鸣，lüè掠yǔ予zhōu舟ér而xī西yě也。
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xū须yú臾kè客qù去，yǔ予yì亦jiù就shuì睡。
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mèng梦yī一dào道shì士，yǔ羽yī衣piān翩xiān跹，guò过lín临gāo皋zhī之xià下，yī揖yǔ予ér而yán言yuē曰：“cì赤bì壁zhī之yóu游lè乐hū乎？”wèn问qí其xìng姓míng名，fǔ俯ér而bù不dá答。
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“wū呜hū呼！yì噫xī嘻！wǒ我zhī知zhī之yǐ矣。
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chóu畴xī昔zhī之yè夜，feī飞míng鸣ér而guò过wǒ我zhě者，feī非zǐ子yě也xié邪？”dào道shì士gù顾xiào笑，yǔ予yì亦jīng惊wù寤。
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kaī开hù户shì视zhī之，bù不jiàn见qí其chù处。
原文：
是岁十月之望，步自雪堂，将归于临皋。
二客从予过黄泥之坂。
霜露既降，木叶尽脱， 人影在地，仰见明月，顾而乐之，行歌相答。
已而叹曰：“有客无酒，有酒无肴，月白风清，如此良夜何！”客曰：“今者薄暮，举网得鱼，巨口细鳞，状如松江之鲈。
顾安所得酒 乎？”归而谋诸妇。
妇曰：“我有斗酒，藏之久矣，以待子不时之需。
”于是携酒与鱼，复 游于赤壁之下。
江流有声，断岸千尺；山高月小，水落石出。
曾日月之几何，而江山不可复 识矣。
予乃摄衣而上，履巉岩，披蒙茸，踞虎豹，登虬龙，攀栖鹘之危巢，俯冯夷之幽 宫。
盖二客不能从焉。
划然长啸，草木震动，山鸣谷应，风起水涌。
予亦悄然而悲，肃然而 恐，凛乎其不可留也。
反而登舟，放乎中流，听其所止而休焉。
时夜将半，四顾寂寥。
适有 孤鹤，横江东来。
翅如车轮，玄裳缟衣，戛然长鸣，掠予舟而西也。
须臾客去，予亦就睡。
梦一道士，羽衣翩跹，过临皋之下，揖予而言曰：“赤壁之游乐 乎？”问其姓名，俯而不答。
“呜呼！噫嘻！我知之矣。
畴昔之夜，飞鸣而过我者，非子也 邪？”道士顾笑，予亦惊寤。
开户视之，不见其处。
相关标签：古文观止纪游山水抒情人生哲理
译文及注释
Translation:
On the fifteenth day of October in that year I set off from Xuedang preparing to return to Lingaoting. Two guests followed me and we walked together along the Huangni Slope. By this time frost and dew had fallen and all the leaves had fallen off. Our figures were reflected on the ground and we looked up to see the bright moon hanging high. Looking around we were very happy in our hearts; so we walked and recited poetry responding to each other.
After a while I sighed and said We have guests but no wine we have wine but no food. The moonlight is bright and the clear wind blows. How can we spend such a beautiful night? One of the guests said This evening I caught a fish with a net with a big mouth and fine scales shaped like a perch in the Wusong River. But where can we get some wine? I went home and discussed with my wife and she said I have a dou of wine which I have kept for a long time just for such a sudden need.
So we carried the wine and fish and went to visit the area below Chibi again. The flowing water of the Yangtze River made a sound and the steep riverbank rose steeply; the mountains were high and the moon appeared small the water level dropped and the reefs were exposed. It had only been a few days and the river scenery and mountains that I had seen on my last visit were unrecognizable! I lifted up my clothes and stepped onto the steep mountain rocks pushing aside the scattered wild grass; squatting on the strange stone shaped like a tiger or leopard occasionally grabbing the tree branches shaped like a coiled dragon climbing up the cliffs where birds of prey nested and looking down at the deep palace of the water god Fengyi. Both guests couldn't follow me to this high place. I let out a loud roar shaking the grass and trees the mountains resonated with me and the deep valley echoed. The strong wind blew and the waves surged. I also felt sorrow and sadness felt fear and fell silent feeling that this place was awe-inspiring and not suitable for long stays. I returned to the boat rowed it to the middle of the river and let it drift wherever it wanted to anchor. It was almost midnight at this time looking around it felt very cold and lonely. Just then a crane flew across the river from the east its wings the size of a wheel its black feathers on its tail like a black skirt and its white feathers on its body like clean clothes. It made a harsh sound as it flew past our boat and flew west.
After a while the guests left and I went home to sleep. I dreamt of a Taoist priest wearing a robe woven from feathers walking lightly passing below Lingaoting and bowing to me with a hand gesture saying Was the visit to Chibi enjoyable? I asked for his name but he lowered his head and didn't answer. Oh! Ah! I know your true identity. Last night you flew and called as you passed by me.
《后赤壁赋》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
《赤壁赋》是苏轼在他一生中最为困难的时期之一——被贬谪黄州期间创作的。这篇赋是在元丰五年（1082年）的七月十六和十月十五两次泛游赤壁时写下的，后人因此将第一篇称为《前赤壁赋》，第二篇称为《后赤壁赋》。
苏轼被贬谪黄州是因为他在政治上的触犯，被贬到了一个偏远的地方。在这个困境中，苏轼感到了巨大的失落和无奈。然而，正是在这个困境中，他找到了写作的灵感和力量。
苏轼在元丰五年的七月十六和十月十五两次泛游赤壁，这是他逃离现实的一种方式。赤壁是中国历史上著名的战场，也是一片美丽的风景区。在这里，苏轼感受到了历史的厚重和自然的壮丽，他的心灵得到了净化和升华。
《赤壁赋》以赤壁为背景，描绘了当时的景色和氛围。苏轼通过对自然景观的描写，表达了自己对人生的思考和感慨。他以赤壁为象征，表达了自己对逆境的坚持和对未来的希望。
这篇赋具有浓厚的文化底蕴和艺术价值。苏轼以其独特的文笔和深刻的思考，将自然景观与人生哲理相结合，展现了他对人生的独特见解和对美的追求。
《赤壁赋》是苏轼在困境中创作的一篇杰作，它不仅展现了苏轼的才华和智慧，也传递了他对人生的独特理解和对美的追求。这篇赋至今仍被广泛传诵，成为中国文学史上的经典之作。
《后赤壁赋》创作背景详情»
鉴赏
开始描写泛舟赤壁的景色。第二层次则是以江岸夜景为主题，描写了江水的流动声音、山崖的险情以及作者对江水的感叹和心情的变化。最后一层次则是借孤鹤道士的梦幻之境，表现了旷然豁达的胸怀和慕仙出世的思想。整篇文章通过描写不同的景色和情感变化，展示了作者对大自然的热爱和对人生的思考。同时，文章运用了诗情画意的手法，使得文字生动而美丽，给人以壮阔而自然的美的享受。整篇文章结构严谨，层次分明，情景交融，表达了不同的主题和情感，展现了作者的才华和思想深度。 《后赤壁赋》鉴赏详情»
苏轼
苏轼（1037－1101）是北宋时期的文学家、书画家和美食家。他的字是子瞻，号称东坡居士。苏轼是汉族，出生在四川，去世后葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。
苏轼一生经历了许多仕途上的坎坷，但他的学识非常渊博，天资极高，诗文书画方面都有很高的造诣。他的文笔汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称为欧苏，被誉为“唐宋八大家”之一。他的诗作清新豪健，善于运用夸张和比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称为苏黄。他的词开创了豪放一派，对后世产生了巨大的影响，与辛弃疾并称为苏辛。他的书法擅长行书和楷书，能够自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，具有天真烂漫的趣味，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称为宋四家。他在画学方面也有很高的造诣，主张画作要神似，提倡“士人画”。他的著作包括《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。