《送韦讽上阆州录事参军》原文赏析
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sòng送weí韦fěng讽shàng上làng阆zhōu州lù录shì事cān参jūn军
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[táng唐dài代]dù杜fǔ甫
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guó国bù步yóu犹jiān艰nán难，bīng兵gé革weì未xiū休xī息。
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wàn万fāng方aī哀áo嗷áo嗷，shí十zài载gòng供jūn军shí食。
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shù庶guān官wù务gē割bō剥，bù不xiá暇yōu忧fǎn反cè侧。
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zhū诛qiú求hé何duō多mén门，xián贤zhě者guì贵weí为dé德。
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weí韦shēng生fù富chūn春qiū秋，dòng洞chè彻yǒu有qīng清shí识。
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cāo操chí持gāng纲jì纪dì地，xǐ喜jiàn见zhū朱sī丝zhí直。
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dāng当lìng令háo豪duó夺lì吏，zì自cǐ此wú无yán颜sè色。
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bì必ruò若jiù救chuāng疮yí痍，xiān先yìng应qù去máo蟊zeí贼！
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huī挥leì泪lín临dà大jiāng江，gāo高tiān天yì意qī凄cè恻。
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xíng行xíng行shù树jiā佳zhèng政，weì慰wǒ我shēn深xiāng相yì忆！
译文及注释
Translation:
The fate of the country is still difficult and the war has been continuous until now. The sound of mourning can be heard everywhere in the country and the ten years of military requisition and taxation have become unbearable. The officials are devoted to exploitation and deprivation with no time to worry about the people's thoughts of rebellion. There are various forms of extortion and exorbitant levies but the wise value virtue as the priority. Wei Sheng you are young and strong and have extraordinary understanding and insight. Go and take charge of the laws and regulations in Jing and I am glad that you enforce the law with integrity and impartiality. Make sure that those corrupt officials and villains will never have face again. If you want to alleviate the suffering of the people the thieves who harm the people should be punished first. Shed tears as you go to the banks of the Min River even the heavens will feel infinite sorrow. Go and achieve good political achievements and comfort my deep affection and memories.
Annotations:
Wei Feng: A person from Chengdu. Pu Qilong's annotation: Wei Feng a person from Chengdu. Gong Baoying initially (762 AD) there was a poem sent to Wei She Lang how could it be true after returning and Gong sent it again?
Shang: Probably should be fu (to go). Many Tang people used fu shang together. Book of Tang Lai Qi Biography: To fill the Huai Xi Shen and An fifteen states' military observation and inspection fill up the table to claim that there is no grain to feed the army in Huai Xi please wait until the harvest is over to go. Also in National History Supplement: Dezong summoned Wu Cou to be the mayor of Jingzhao and immediately ordered him to go. This is the evidence. It can also be used as a single shang character such as Chu Guangxi's Zhongnan Youju Xian Su Shilang San Shou Shi Bai Tai Zhu Wei Shang (not yet gone) which means not yet gone to be the Tai Zhu. Also Li Shangyin's Bai Juyi Tombstone Inscription: (Taihe) ninth year transferred to Tongzhou not yet gone. Not yet gone means not yet going to be the governor of Tongzhou.
Langzhou: The capital is now located in Langzhong Sichuan.
Recording Officer: An official position responsible for managing documents supervising the administration disseminating orders and also overseeing legal cases arrests etc.
Guobu: The fate of the country. Book of Songs Xiaoya Baihua: The steps of heaven are difficult. Also Da Ya Sang Rou: The fate of the country is frequent.
Bingge: Refers to war.
Rest: Pause.
Wanfang: All over the country.
Aoao: The sound of mourning.
Shizai: Ten years. From the rebellion of An Lushan in the 14th year of Tianbao to the second year of Guangde is ten years.
Supplying army food: Providing funds for the army.
Shu Guan: Officials. Refers to lower-level officials in general. They lack foresight and do not know how to exploit excessively causing the people to be restless and causing great chaos.
Wu: Devote oneself to.
Gebo: Exploitation and deprivation.
Buxia: No time.
Fan
《送韦讽上阆州录事参军》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
这首诗的创作背景可以追溯到唐代宗广德二年（764），这个时期正好是距离天宝十四年（755）安史之乱爆发已经过去了十年。在这十年的时间里，整个国家经历了一场动荡的战乱，百姓们遭受了巨大的痛苦和苦难。
诗人在这个时期观察到了百姓们所承受的疾苦，他们生活在战乱的阴影下，饥饿和贫困成为了他们的日常现实。他们为了供养军队，不得不忍受着食物的匮乏和生活的艰辛。这种情况让诗人感到愤慨和无奈，他深深地体会到了百姓们的痛苦和无助。
于是，诗人写下了这首诗来表达自己内心的愤慨。他通过诗歌的形式，抒发了对百姓们遭受的苦难的同情和关怀。他希望通过自己的文字，唤起人们对于这种不公和不平等的关注，呼吁社会关注和改变。
这首诗以其深刻的内涵和真挚的情感，成为了当时社会上的一股强大力量。它不仅仅是一首诗歌作品，更是一种对于社会现实的呐喊和抗议。它引起了人们对于社会问题的思考和讨论，促使了社会的进步和改变。
这首诗的创作背景，反映了唐代社会的动荡和百姓们的苦难。它通过诗人的笔触，将这种苦难和不公传递给了读者，引起了人们对于社会问题的关注和思考。它成为了一种社会声音的代表，为那些无声的苦难者发声，为社会的进步和改变呼唤。
《送韦讽上阆州录事参军》创作背景详情»
赏析
这首诗共分为三段，每段都有自己独立的内容，但又相互联系和递进。诗人通过描绘战乱和人民疾苦的景象，表达了自己对国家和人民的忧虑和痛苦。
第一段开篇的八句描绘了战乱连绵不断、人民哀声遍野的景象。诗人写出了国家的艰难和人民的苦难，强调了战争对人民造成的疾苦。虽然战争是为了捍卫统一而进行的，但诗人并未对战争本身进行谴责，而是将其作为下一层内容的铺垫。
第二层内容揭示了最严重的时弊和人民疾苦的真正根源。官吏们剥削人民，不顾人民的死活，造成了民心不安。诗人对庶官的谴责和对民生艰难的忧愤表达深切，通过与“贤者贵为德”形成对照，托住了上一段的内容，为下文做了铺垫。
第二段的中间八句称赞了友人的见识卓绝和正直无私。诗人将友人列为“贤者”，希望他能救民于水火，惩治贪官污吏。诗人表达了自己的政治思想，揭示了封建官吏的罪恶本质。
最后一段的四句表达了诗人对人民痛苦的关切和对友人的期望。诗人的泪水如同大江的奔流，他的凄恻之情如同浩渺的天空，流露出他对人民痛苦的关切和对友人的期望。诗人利用友谊来勉励对方，希望友人能为人民做出更多的好事。诗人的友情和忧国优民之情融为一体，水乳难分、似漆如胶。
这首送别诗概括描写了战乱中人民的苦恨，揭露了当时社会横征暴敛的真实情况。诗人的言辞犀利，感情强烈，内容深刻，气度恢宏。
《送韦讽上阆州录事参军》赏析详情»
杜甫
杜甫（712－770）是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，被尊为“诗圣”。他的字是子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等。他出生在河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市），是汉族。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了与另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。
杜甫的诗歌表达了他对国家和人民的忧虑，展现了他高尚的人格。他的诗被称为“诗史”，约有1400余首被保留了下来。他的诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。
759-766年间，杜甫曾居住在成都。后世为了纪念他，在成都建立了杜甫草堂。杜甫的诗歌以其真实的描写和深刻的思考而闻名，他的作品反映了当时社会的动荡和人民的苦难。他的诗歌主题广泛，包括政治、社会、自然和人生等方面。他的作品中也包含了对自己个人经历和情感的表达。
杜甫的生平和创作对中国文学产生了深远的影响，他被视为中国古代文学的瑰宝之一。他的诗歌不仅在中国广为传诵，也被翻译成多种语言传播到世界各地。他的作品至今仍然被人们广泛阅读和研究。