《锦堂春·坠髻慵梳》原文赏析
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jǐn锦táng堂chūn春·zhuì坠jì髻yōng慵shū梳
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[sòng宋dài代]liǔ柳yǒng永
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zhuì坠jì髻yōng慵shū梳，chóu愁é蛾lǎn懒huà画，xīn心xù绪shì是shì事lán阑shān珊。jiào觉xīn新lái来qiáo憔cuì悴，jīn金lǚ缕yī衣kuān宽。rèn认dé得zhè这shū疏kuáng狂yì意xià下，xiàng向rén人qiào诮pì譬rú如xián闲。bǎ把fāng芳róng容zhěng整dùn顿，nín恁dì地qīng轻gū孤，zhēng争rěn忍xīn心ān安。
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yī依qián前guò过liǎo了jiù旧yuē约，shèn甚dāng当chū初zhuàn赚wǒ我，tōu偷jiǎn翦yún云huán鬟。jǐ几shí时dé得guī归lái来，xiāng香gé阁shēn深guān关。dài待yī伊yào要、yóu尤yún云殢yǔ雨，chán缠xiù绣qīn衾、bù不yǔ与tóng同huān欢。侭gēng更shēn深、kuǎn款kuǎn款wèn问yī伊，jīn今hòu后gǎn敢gēng更wú无duān端。
译文及注释
Translation:
Disheveled hair no intention to comb; locked brows too lazy to draw; chaotic thoughts everything goes wrong. Lately I feel extremely exhausted and thin even my golden embroidered clothes have become loose. Knowing that you the playboy now see me as insignificant. I should tidy up my beautiful appearance how can I easily waste my youth like this and be at peace?
You returned on the promised date just like before. If that's the case why did you deceive me and cut a strand of hair as a gift? When you come back I will keep you outside the door; when you want to make love to me I will tightly wrap myself in the embroidered quilt not sharing the same bed and pillow with you; when the drums beat deeper I will slowly ask you will you dare to be so unreliable in the future?
Annotations:
Jin Tang Chun: the name of a poetic form annotated as Lin Zhongshang in the Yue Zhang Ji. It consists of one hundred characters with ten lines in each section and follows the Si Ping rhyme scheme.
Zhui Ji: hair bun that hangs down.
Yong: lazy.
Chou E: worried brows.
Shi Shi: everything all things. From Han Yu's Xi Ti Mu Dan: All things have been abandoned for a long time and today I can see clearly by the fence. Lan Shan: decline; depression. Here it refers to a low mood.
Xin Lai: recently. From Li Qingzhao's Phoenix Terrace Remembering the Flute: Recently I have become thin not because of illness or alcohol but not because of autumn sorrow.
Jin Lu Yi Kuan: meaning that the body has become thin. Jin Lu Yi refers to clothes adorned with gold thread. Here it refers to beautiful clothing in general.
Ren De: know. Shu Kuang: a carefree and unrestrained appearance. Here it refers to a carefree person. From Liu Yuxi's Title for Dou Yuanwai's New Residence: Don't say that there is no space left on the desk I know that the poet is here. Yi Xia: in one's heart.
The phrase xiang ren: meaning to casually chat and laugh with others as if nothing happened. Qiao: blame. For example as if nothing happened. From Dong Jieyuan's Various Palace Tones in The Story of the Western Wing Volume Three: Madam you can come and see through Zhang Sheng's deep intentions pretend to be indifferent and show off your knowledge and wipe away your tears with your sleeves.
Zheng Dun: tidy up. From Bai Juyi's Song of the Pipa: Contemplating plucking inserting the strings tidying up clothes and collecting one's appearance.
Gu: to disappoint. Gu is the original character for disappointing.
Zheng Ren: how can one bear it. From Bai Juyi's When the Peach Blossoms Bloom at Huayang Temple: How can one bear not being drunk when the flowers bloom? Tomorrow morning the branches will be empty!
Shen: why. Zhuan: deceive.
Jian Yun Huan: in ancient times when lovers parted the woman often cut her hair as a gift. Yun Huan refers to a woman's hair bun that resembles clouds.
You Yun Ti Yu: rain and mist.
《锦堂春·坠髻慵梳》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
柳永是中国古代文学史上一位备受赞誉的词人，他以其独特的创作风格和深入人心的情感表达而闻名。柳永的词作大多以爱情为主题，他善于运用世俗的心理和趣味来描绘爱情故事，使其作品更加贴近市民的生活和情感。
《锦堂春》是柳永的一首代表作，它展现了柳永独特的创作风格和对爱情的深刻理解。虽然具体的创作年份无法考证，但根据词中涉及的歌妓主题，可以推测这首词应该是柳永未出仕之前创作的。
在古代中国社会，歌妓是一种特殊的职业，她们以歌唱和舞蹈为生，同时也是社交场合的重要组成部分。柳永的《锦堂春》通过描写歌妓的生活和情感，展现了他对于爱情的独特见解。
这首词以细腻的笔触描绘了歌妓的美丽和娇媚，同时也表达了她们内心深处的孤独和渴望。柳永通过歌妓的形象，抒发了自己对于爱情的思考和感悟。他以世俗的心理和趣味来描绘爱情故事，使得这首词更加贴近市民的生活和情感。
柳永的创作背景也与他个人的经历有关。他是一位带有浓厚市民意识的词人，他深入人心的情感表达和对于爱情的独特见解，与他自身的生活经历密切相关。柳永在创作之前并未出仕，这使得他能够更加自由地表达自己对于爱情的思考和感悟。
总之，柳永是一位以世俗的心理和趣味来描绘爱情故事的词人，他的《锦堂春》是他创作风格的代表作之一。这首词通过描绘歌妓的生活和情感，展现了柳永对于爱情的独特见解。柳永的创作背景与他个人的经历密切相关，他的词作带有浓厚的市民意识，贴近市民的生活和情感。
《锦堂春·坠髻慵梳》创作背景详情»
赏析
为了表达自己的不满和愤怒。接下来的几句词中，女主人公表达了自己的决心和意志：“我自是情郎的人，他却不是我的人”，她坚定地表示自己是情郎的人，但情郎却不属于她，这是对情人的不满和失望的宣泄。她不再愿意被情人摆布，决心要摆脱这种不公平的关系。
最后一句“我自是情郎的人，他却不是我的人”，是整首词的高潮和结尾，也是女主人公的心声。她坚定地宣布自己的身份和立场，表达了自己不再被动接受的决心。整首词通过描绘女主人公的精神状态和心理变化，展现了她对情人的爱恨交织的复杂情感，以及她对自己命运的反抗和追求自由的决心。
这首词以简洁明了的语言，通过对女主人公的描写和自白，展现了她内心的矛盾和挣扎。词中运用了对偶句、比喻和意象等修辞手法，使词意更加深刻。整首词情感真挚，表达了女主人公对情人的爱恨交织的复杂情感，以及对自己命运的反抗和追求自由的决心。
《锦堂春·坠髻慵梳》赏析详情»
柳永
柳永（约987年—约1053年）是北宋时期著名的词人，也是婉约派的代表人物。他出生在汉族家庭，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又被称为柳七。他在宋仁宗朝考中进士，后来担任屯田员外郎的官职，因此被称为柳屯田。
柳永自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，一生致力于词的创作，自称“白衣卿相”。他的词作多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤其擅长抒写羁旅行役之情，创作的慢词较多。他的词作铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，因此在当时广泛流传，人们常说“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”。他是婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有着重大的影响。
柳永的代表作品包括《雨霖铃》和《八声甘州》。《雨霖铃》以描写雨夜中思念之情为主题，表达了对离别的思念之情。《八声甘州》则以描写甘州的美景和离别之苦为主题，表达了对故乡的思念之情。这两首词作都以其优美的语言和深情的表达而广受赞誉。
关于柳永的生平和死亡，由于历史记载的不完整，具体的时间和细节并不清楚。根据传说，柳永在约1053年去世，享年约66岁。他的词作虽然在他的一生中广泛流传，但他本人并没有得到太多的官职和荣誉。然而，他的词作却在后世被广泛传颂，成为中国文学史上的重要人物之一。