《苏武庙》原文赏析
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sū苏wǔ武miào庙
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[táng唐dài代]wēn温tíng庭yún筠
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sū苏wǔ武hún魂xiāo销hàn汉shǐ使qián前，gǔ古cí祠gāo高shù树liǎng两máng茫rán然。
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yún云biān边yàn雁duàn断hú胡tiān天yuè月，lǒng陇shàng上yáng羊guī归sài塞cǎo草yān烟。
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huí回rì日lóu楼tái台feī非jiǎ甲zhàng帐，qù去shí时guàn冠jiàn剑shì是dīng丁nián年。
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mào茂líng陵bù不jiàn见fēng封hóu侯yìn印，kōng空xiàng向qiū秋bō波kū哭shì逝chuān川。
译文及注释
译文：
苏武初遇汉使，悲喜交集感慨万端；
When Su Wu first met the Han envoy he was filled with mixed emotions and profound thoughts;
而今古庙高树，肃穆庄严久远渺然。
Now the ancient temple stands tall with solemnity and grandeur seeming distant and everlasting.
羁留北海音书断绝，头顶胡天明月；
He was detained in the North Sea cut off from news with the moon shining above his head in the land of the Huns;
荒陇牧羊回来，茫茫草原已升暮烟。
Returning from shepherding in the desolate wilderness the vast grassland is already covered in evening mist.
回朝进谒楼台依旧，甲帐却无踪影；
Returning to the court the palace remains the same but the imperial tent is nowhere to be found;
奉命出使加冠佩剑，正是潇洒壮年。
Ordered to go on a mission he wears a crown and carries a sword in the prime of his youth.
封侯受爵缅怀茂陵，君臣已不相见；
Being enfeoffed and receiving a noble title he reminisces about the Maoling Mausoleum where the emperor and his ministers are no longer seen;
空对秋水哭吊先皇，哀叹逝去华年。
Gazing at the autumn water he mourns for the late emperor lamenting the passing of his glorious years.
注释：
苏武: During the reign of Emperor Wu of Han Su Wu was sent as an envoy to the Xiongnu and was detained for many years. He remained steadfast and was finally welcomed back during the reign of Emperor Zhao of Han.
云边 sentence: The Han dynasty demanded Su Wu's return but the Xiongnu falsely claimed that he had died. Later when the Han envoy arrived Chang Hui a teacher of the Han envoy instructed him to tell the Chanyu (the Xiongnu leader) that the Han emperor shot a wild goose and found a letter from Su Wu tied to its leg stating that he was in a certain marsh. Only then did the Xiongnu admit that Su Wu was still alive. 雁断 refers to the lack of communication between Su Wu and the Han court after he was detained by the Xiongnu. 胡 refers to the Xiongnu.
陇上 sentence: After Su Wu returned to his homeland the sheep returned to their original grazing grounds. 陇 refers to the Long Pass which is used here to symbolize the Xiongnu territory.
甲帐: According to the book Stories of Emperor Wu of Han Emperor Wu had a tent made of precious treasures such as glass pearls moonlight and night light which was called the 甲帐 (imperial tent). The 非甲帐 here means that Emperor Wu of Han has passed away.
冠剑: Refers to the attire worn during the mission. 丁年 refers to the prime of one's youth according to the Tang Dynasty's age classification which defined the age range of 21 to 59 as 丁.
茂陵: Refers to the Maoling Mausoleum of Emperor Wu of Han. It indicates that when Su Wu returned to Han Emperor Wu had already passed away. 封侯: When Su Wu returned with his credentials Emperor Xuan of Han granted him the title of 关内侯 (Marquis within the Passes) and a fief of three hundred households. 逝川: Metaphorically refers to the passage of time. It comes from the saying in the Analects of Confucius: When in a river one should be like the flow of water. Here it refers to the past.
《苏武庙》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
苏武是中国历史上一位著名的英雄人物，他以坚持民族气节而闻名。在汉武帝元年（公元前100年），苏武被派往匈奴使节，但却被匈奴扣留。在被扣留期间，匈奴多次逼迫他屈服，但他始终坚守自己的信念，毫不动摇。最终，他被流放到北海牧羊，直到汉昭帝始元六年（公元前81年）才得以返回汉朝，整个过程长达十九年之久。
这首诗是作者在瞻仰苏武庙后，对苏武的追思和凭吊之作。苏武的坚贞不屈和对民族气节的捍卫给作者留下了深刻的印象，激发了他对苏武的敬仰之情。通过这首诗，作者表达了对苏武英勇坚毅的赞美和对他所代表的民族精神的敬佩。
这首诗可能以苏武的艰辛经历为背景，描述了他在北海牧羊的岁月。诗中可能描绘了苏武孤独的身影，他在寒冷的北方草原上放牧羊群，与大自然为伴。作者可能通过描写苏武的坚韧和毅力，表达了对他的敬意和钦佩之情。
整首诗可能以苏武的形象为主线，通过描写他的坚持和忍耐，展现了他对民族气节的执着追求。作者可能通过对苏武的赞美，表达了对民族英雄的敬仰和对民族精神的弘扬。
这首诗可能以简洁明快的语言，通过细腻的描写和深情的抒发，展现了苏武的伟大和他对民族的贡献。通过这首诗，读者可以感受到苏武的坚定和不屈的精神，以及他对民族气节的高度重视。这首诗可能成为一首激励人心的作品，让人们铭记苏武的英雄事迹，传承和弘扬民族精神。
《苏武庙》创作背景详情»
鉴赏
苏武魂销汉使前，古祠高树两茫然。这两句诗描绘了苏武与庙的情景，通过对苏武初次见到汉使的情景的描写，展现了他内心的激动和复杂的感情。苏武在异域度过了漫长的岁月，历经艰辛，当他突然见到来自汉朝的使者时，他的内心充满了辛酸的追忆和意外的惊愕，悲喜交加，感慨无穷。诗人用“魂销”这两个字来概括苏武当时的心情，表达了他对国家的思念之情。第二句描绘了苏武庙的景物，古祠高树，展现了苏武庙的古老肃穆，营造出浓郁的历史氛围。这句诗透露出诗人对苏武的崇敬和追思之情。
“云边雁断胡天月，陇上羊归塞草烟”描绘了两幅画，通过逆挽法来追忆苏武生前的苦节壮举，怀念他崇高的爱国精神。第一幅画是望雁思归图，夜晚的天空中挂着一轮明亮的月亮，苏武望着大雁从北方飞来，又向南方飞去，直到它们的身影逐渐消失在南天的云彩中。这幅画生动地表现了苏武在与故国音讯隔绝的漫长岁月中对故国的思念和无法归乡的痛苦。第二幅画是羊归塞草烟图，描绘了苏武在塞外放牧的情景，羊群归来，草原上升起了烟尘。这幅画展现了苏武坚守岗位、忠诚不渝的精神，表达了他对国家的忠诚和对家乡的眷恋。
整首诗通过对苏武的描写，展现了他在异乡度过的艰辛岁月中对故国的思念和对家乡的眷恋，表达了他坚贞不屈的爱国精神。诗人通过描绘苏武与汉使的情景、苏武庙的景物以及望雁思归和羊归塞草烟的画面，展现了苏武的伟大和崇高，表达了对他的崇敬和追思之情。整首诗以简洁明了的语言，生动地描绘了苏武的形象和他的故事，给人留下了深刻的印象。
《苏武庙》鉴赏详情»
温庭筠
温庭筠（约812—866）是唐代著名的诗人和词人。他的本名是岐，字飞卿，出生在太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。温庭筠天资聪颖，思维敏捷，每次参加考试都能押官韵，用八叉手成就八韵，因此也被称为“温八叉”。然而，他过于自负，喜欢讽刺权贵，经常触犯忌讳，引起时人的厌恶，所以多次参加进士考试都没有取得成功，一直被贬抑，终生未能实现自己的志向。他最后的官职是国子助教。他精通音律，擅长写诗，与李商隐齐名，被称为“温李”。他的诗歌辞藻华丽，细腻娴熟，内容多写闺情。他在词的艺术成就上超过了晚唐其他词人，是“花间派”词人中最重要的一位，对词的发展产生了较大的影响。在词史上，他与韦庄并称“温韦”。他的存世词作有七十余首。后人编辑了《温飞卿集》和《金奁集》来收录他的作品。