《银河吹笙》原文赏析
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yín银hé河chuī吹shēng笙
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[táng唐dài代]lǐ李shāng商yǐn隐
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chàng怅wàng望yín银hé河chuī吹yù玉shēng笙，lóu楼hán寒yuàn院lěng冷jiē接píng平míng明。
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chóng重qīn衾yōu幽mèng梦tā他nián年duàn断，bié别shù树jī羁cí雌zuó昨yè夜jīng惊。
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yuè月xiè榭gù故xiāng香yīn因yǔ雨fā发，fēng风lián帘cán残zhú烛gé隔shuāng霜qīng清。
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bù不xū须làng浪zuò作gōu缑shān山yì意，xiāng湘sè瑟qín秦xiāo箫zì自yǒu有qíng情。
译文及注释
Translation:
Full of melancholy in my heart I gaze at the indifferent Milky Way playing the sheng alone with no one to talk to. The cold wind blows through the courtyard gradually revealing the dawn.
Recalling the past gatherings the passion was once fiery but unfortunately it has become a thing of the past with withered flowers and fallen leaves. Last night the female bird perched on a slanting branch of a tree her mournful cries woke me up from my dream as I gazed at the Milky Way and played my song.
Beside the moon pavilion there is a cluster of rain-soaked flowers emitting a lingering fragrance with raindrops still falling. The reflection of the frosty candle evokes longing why is there a wind curtain blocking it?
Do not easily promise the wish to become immortal it is self-torture in front of the green lamp alone. The Xiangling plays the se expressing mutual understanding while the Qintai plays the xiao enjoying endless joy in the mortal world.
Annotations:
玉笙 (shēng): A beautiful name for the sheng or a sheng decorated with jade. The terms jade xiao jade qin and jade flute also refer to this.
平明: Dawn.
重衾 (qīn): A double-layered quilt used metaphorically to refer to the intimate encounter between a man and a woman. 幽梦: A vague and unclear dream. Du Mu's On the Spot poem: Spring worries become vague dreams awakened by the singing of orioles.
别树: The slanting branches of a tree. 羁雌 (jīcí): A female bird that has lost its mate. Mei Cheng's Seven Hairpins: In the evening the lost female bird stays overnight. Xie Lingyun's Leaving the West Shooting Hall at Night: The lost female bird longs for its old partner the bewildered bird misses its old forest. Liu Liang's annotation: 羁雌 means without a mate.
月榭 (xiè): A pavilion for viewing the moon. Shen Yue's Suburban Residence Fu: The wind platform is piled up with wings the moon pavilion is heavy with stones. 榭: A house on a platform.
浪: To act recklessly or carelessly. Zhang Ji's To Wang the Secretary: Never acted recklessly to visit nobles only wandered by the water's edge among the flowers. 缑 (gōu)山意: Refers to the path of becoming an immortal. Goushan also known as Mount Gou is located in present-day Yanshi County Henan Province. Liu Xiang's Biographies of Immortals - Wang Ziqiao: Wang Ziqiao the crown prince of King Ling of Zhou was fond of playing the sheng. The Taoist Fuzhou Gong took him to Mount Song and he became an immortal. Over thirty years later he rode a white crane on the mountaintop raised his hand to bid farewell to the people of his time and left after several days. Li Bai's Phoenix Sheng Piece: Green clouds and purple qi approach Han Pass seeking the path of becoming an immortal should lead to Mount Gou.
湘瑟 (sè): The Xiangling plays the se which refers to the Xiang River goddess playing the se to convey her emotions. Qu Yuan's Chu Ci - Distant Journey: Let the Xiangling play the se and let the sea dance like a phoenix. Annotation: Xiangling the concubine of Emperor Shun drowned in the Xiang River and became the Xiang Lady. Originally this allusion referred to the legendary Xiang River goddess playing the se but later it was borrowed to metaphorically describe beautiful and moving artistic works or elegant art.
《银河吹笙》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
这篇创作背景描述了一位诗人在829年秋天，前往天平幕前之前，听到女冠吹笙的音乐，勾起了他与女冠交往的旧情。然而，诗人李商隐与王夫人的感情真挚，他意识到自己不应该再牵扯进旧情中。因此，他写下了这首诗，表达了对亡妻的执着和痴情之情。 《银河吹笙》创作背景详情»
赏析
《银河吹笙》是李商隐的一首诗，诗题取自第一句中的四个字。这首诗在内容和结构上都较为难懂，但若能把握诗人心理的变化，就能发现诗的脉络。
诗中打破了时间与空间的顺序和逻辑联系，通过诗人内心微妙变化的直觉反映出来，跳跃性极强，但也显得晦涩难懂。李商隐的另外两首著名诗作《锦瑟》和《无题》也采用了类似的结构和章法手法，与《银河吹笙》相似，因此在解读上也有相似之处。
首联描写了吹笙的环境，通过隐晦的手法烘托出凄凉的景象。诗人在清晨徘徊在微冷的院落中，满腹愁绪地遥望着银河，通过吹笙向上天传达自己的诉求。诗中的“怅”、“寒”、“冷”三字虽然描写的是环境，但渲染了冷寂的氛围，暗示了诗人内心的凄然。诗中出现了银河的意象，诗人用它与自己的处境进行对比，暗示自己的处境不如一年才能见一面的牛郎织女。诗人触景生情，使心境与环境融为一体，互相证明，互相沟通，流露出诗人内心的悲伤。
颔联记述了诗人吹笙的内容。诗中的“重衾幽梦”指的是夫妻生活美好和谐，如同梦幻一般。李商隐虽然仕途坎坷，但遇到了一位对他不离不弃的妻子，他对她充满尊重和怜爱。然而妻子早逝，诗人悲恸欲绝。因此诗人只能在回忆中回想当时的点点滴滴，沉浸在梦幻的幸福与温馨中。但是诗人的美梦被现实中无情的敲醒，美梦破灭使诗人更加痛苦。他感觉自己就像窗外那孤苦伶仃、通宵惊啼的雌鸟一样。李商隐始终处于幻想和现实之间，被梦想破灭的痛苦折磨着，内心感到失落和孤独。
颈联写了眼前景物，虚实结合，全写景而落于情。诗人看到曾与妻子游赏的地方，不禁幻想起当时的情景。月光温润如玉，像一片轻纱一样笼罩着台榭边的繁花，此时这些迷人的小花，应该在春雨的滋润下茂盛起来。然而就在此时，现实击败了梦魇，一阵寒风透过窗外，屋内的红烛摇曳不定。透过布帘望向窗外，一片萧瑟，青草凋零，景物的变化使诗人更加感到寂寞和凄凉。
总的来说，《银河吹笙》通过诗人内心的变化和对环境的描写，表达了诗人的悲伤和孤独。诗中的跳跃性和晦涩难懂的结构使其成为李商隐较为难懂的作品之一，但通过对诗的细致赏析，我们可以更好地理解诗人的情感和思想。
《银河吹笙》赏析详情»
李商隐
李商隐（约813年-约858年），字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，是唐代著名诗人。他出生于郑州荥阳，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳。李商隐擅长诗歌写作，他的骈文文学价值也很高，被誉为晚唐最出色的诗人之一。他与杜牧合称为“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因为他们的诗文风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，所以被称为“三十六体”。
李商隐的诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。然而，他的部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于理解，因此有人说“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”，意思是他的诗歌很受欢迎，但很少有人能够解读其中的含义。
由于李商隐处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。他的作品收录在《李义山诗集》中。李商隐去世后，葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。