译文及注释

Translation:
In May the plum blossoms began to turn yellow the silkworms finished their work and the mulberry and jujube leaves were also picked clean. The people of Eastern Lu valued weaving and the sound of spinning machines could be heard from every window. It was because I couldn't pursue an official career that I came to Shandong to learn swordsmanship. I raised my whip and asked for directions but unexpectedly received mockery from an old man in Wenshang. How can ignorant people look down on talented warriors? How can they judge poverty and prosperity? I can achieve great feats like Lu Zhonglian who tied a message to an arrow and captured a city. But in the end I refuse to accept rewards from the ruler because I am ashamed to be the same as ordinary people. I am about to embark on the road to Chang'an in the west even if the setting sun is obscured by a dark rainbow. I don't need you to say anything more to me I am willing to be like a drifting dandelion!

Annotations:
⑴ Eastern Lu: Refers to Yanzhou which was established by changing the name of Lu County during the early Tang Dynasty (located in present-day Shandong Province). Li Bai once lived in Rencheng County in Yanzhou. Wenshang: Refers to the area above the Wenshui River. Jun: Also written as weng. The original annotation for this poem's title is Lu Zhong.
⑵ Shi: Also written as zi. Can diao: The silkworms have already formed cocoons. Mulberry and jujube: Deciduous trees and shrubs whose leaves can be used to feed silkworms.
⑶ Long: Windows with hanging curtains.
⑷ Gu yu bu ji shi: Remembering the time when I didn't pursue an official career.
⑸ Xue jian: Li Bai once studied swordsmanship in Shandong under the famous swordsman Pei Xian. Shandong: Refers to the area east of the Taihang Mountains.
⑹ Huo xiao: Being ridiculed. Wenshang weng: The old man by the Wenshui River.
⑺ Xia yu: In Confucianism people are divided into two categories with those who are naturally foolish and cannot be changed being considered xia yu. From Analects of Confucius - Yang Huo: Only the wise above and the foolish below cannot be moved. This refers to the old man by the Wenshui River. Hu: Disdain. Zhuangshi: Li Bai refers to himself.
⑻ Qiong: Refers to political failure; Tong: Refers to political success. Qiong tong means political success or failure.
⑼ Wo yi yi jian shu neng qu Liao Cheng gong: This sentence uses an allusion from Records of the Grand Historian - Lu Zhonglian and Zou Yang Biography. During the Warring States period the city of Liao in the Qi state was occupied by the Yan state. The Qi king ordered the general Tian Dan to recapture Liao but after a year of bitter fighting and heavy casualties they still couldn't capture it. At that time a famous scholar in Qi named Lu Zhonglian wrote a letter tied it to an arrow and shot it into the city of Liao. The Yan general upon reading the letter committed suicide and the Qi army easily took the city. The Qi king wanted to reward Lu Zhonglian but he chose to retire and refused the reward. Li Bai uses this allusion to illustrate that he wants to achieve something but he doesn't pursue fame and fortune.
⑽ Zhi dao: Refers to the main road the Hengdao.
⑾ Yin hong: Metaphorically refers to a dark rainbow. 《五月东鲁行答汶上君》译文及注释详情»

创作背景

李白是唐代著名的诗人，他的诗作以豪放奔放、意境深远而著称于世。根据裴斐所著的《李白年谱简编》，这首诗应该是李白在唐玄宗开元二十四年（736年）初次游历东鲁时创作的。当时，李白在兖州任城担任官职。

这个时期正值唐玄宗开元年间，这个时期被称为开元盛世，是唐代文化繁荣的黄金时期。李白作为一位才华横溢的诗人，对于这个时代的文化繁荣充满了期待和向往。

李白初游东鲁，可以想象他对于这个地方的好奇心和探索欲望。东鲁地区是中国历史上的重要文化中心之一，这里孕育了众多的文化名人和文化遗产。对于李白来说，这次东鲁之行无疑是一个重要的历险和学习之旅。

在兖州任城的日子里，李白积极参与地方政务，同时也有大量的时间用于创作。他的诗歌作品在当地广为流传，备受赞赏。这段时间的生活经历和所见所闻，无疑对于他的创作产生了深远的影响。

这首诗的创作背景正是李白初游东鲁时的心境和感受。他在这个时期对于东鲁地区的文化底蕴和风土人情有了更深入的了解，同时也对于自己的创作有了更加深刻的认识。这首诗或许是他在东鲁的所见所闻和心灵感悟的结晶，展现了他对于东鲁之美的赞美和对于文化繁荣的向往。

总之，这首诗的创作背景是李白在唐玄宗开元二十四年初次游历东鲁时的心境和感受。这段经历对于他的创作产生了深远的影响，使他对于东鲁地区的文化底蕴和风土人情有了更深入的了解，同时也加深了他对于文化繁荣的向往和追求。 《五月东鲁行答汶上君》创作背景详情»

赏析

嘲笑我并不能动摇我的决心，我甘心做一个漂泊的人。”“转蓬”是指飘荡无定的生活状态，李白表示自己愿意接受这种生活方式，不再追求名利地位。“尔勿言”则是对汶上翁的回应，表示不再计较他的嘲笑和议论。

“落霞与孤鹜，起飞万里同。”这两句是全诗的高潮部分，也是李白对自己人生态度的最终表达。李白用“落霞与孤鹜”来比喻自己的孤独和追求自由的精神。“落霞”象征着美好的景色和人生的辉煌，而“孤鹜”则代表着独立自由的个性。李白希望自己能像孤鹜一样，自由地翱翔于天空，追求自己的理想和梦想。“起飞万里同”则表达了李白对自由和追求的坚定信念，不论是在哪里，他都会坚持自己的人生态度。

整首诗以李白初抵东鲁的经历为背景，通过描写他的思想情感和人生态度，展现了他对自由和追求的执着追求。诗中运用了丰富的意象和比喻手法，使诗歌更加生动有力。通过对汶上翁的嘲笑和自己的回应，李白表达了自己不受世俗眼光束缚的决心，坚持追求自己的理想和梦想。整首诗情感真挚，意境深远，展现了李白独特的思想和个性，具有很高的艺术价值。 《五月东鲁行答汶上君》赏析详情»