《和胡西曹示顾贼曹》原文赏析
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hé和hú胡xī西cáo曹shì示gù顾zeí贼cáo曹
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[weì魏jìn晋]táo陶yuān渊míng明
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ruí蕤bīn宾wǔ五yuè月zhōng中，qīng清cháo朝qǐ起nán南颸。
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bù不shǐ驶yì亦bù不chí迟，piāo飘piāo飘chuī吹wǒ我yī衣。
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chóng重yún云bì蔽bái白rì日，xián闲yǔ雨fēn纷weī微weī微。
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liú流mù目shì视xī西yuán园，yè烨yè烨róng荣zǐ紫kuí葵。
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yú于jīn今shèn甚kě可aì爱，nài奈hé何dāng当fù复shuaī衰！
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gǎn感wù物yuàn愿jí及shí时，meǐ每hèn恨mí靡suǒ所huī挥。
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yōu悠yōu悠dài待qiū秋jià稼，liáo寥luò落jiāng将shē赊chí迟。
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yì逸xiǎng想bù不kě可yān淹，chāng猖kuáng狂dú独cháng长beī悲！
译文及注释
译文：
时当仲夏五月中，清早微觉南风凉。
In the middle of May during the time of midsummer I feel a slight coolness in the early morning southern breeze.
南风不缓也不疾，飘飘吹动我衣裳。
The southern wind is neither slow nor fast gently blowing and moving my clothes.
层层乌云遮白日，濛濛细雨纷纷扬。
Layers of dark clouds cover the sun and misty drizzles scatter in the air.
随意赏观西园内，紫葵花盛耀荣光。
Casually enjoying the view in the western garden the purple hibiscus flowers shine brightly.
此时此物甚可爱，无奈不久侵枯黄！
At this moment everything is so lovely but unfortunately they will wither and turn yellow soon!
感物行乐当及时，常恨无酒可举筋。
Appreciating and enjoying things should be done in a timely manner but I often regret not having wine to lift my spirits.
耐心等待秋收获，庄稼稀疏将空忙。
Patiently waiting for the autumn harvest the crops will be sparse and the fields will be empty.
遐思冥想难抑制，我心激荡独悲伤。
Deep contemplation and meditation are hard to suppress my heart is stirred and filled with sorrow.
注释：
胡西曹、顾贼曹：胡、顾 are two people's names and their deeds are unknown. 西曹、贼曹 are official positions in the state. The Book of Song · Records of Officials states: Jiangzhou also has a deputy sacrificial wine official who is above the subordinate officials. The deputy Xicao is in charge of clerical and election matters. Xicao is the same as the Han Dynasty's Gongcao Shuzuo. The sacrificial wine is responsible for the military bandits granaries households water and sales departments. 示: to show someone.
蕤（ruí）宾: It is used in the poem to indicate midsummer in May. In ancient times there were twelve musical notes corresponding to twelve months. 蕤宾 is the musical note corresponding to May. The Book of Rites · Monthly Ordinances states: In the middle of May... the musical note '蕤宾'. In ancient times the twelve musical notes were matched with the twelve months and the musical note 蕤宾 matched with May so May was called 蕤宾.
清朝（zhāo）: Early morning. 飔（sī）: Cool breeze.
驶: Swift fast. 迟: Slow sluggish.
重云: Layers of dark clouds.
闲雨: Refers to light rain.
流目: To gaze and observe casually. 西园: It is unlikely that Tao Yuanming had multiple gardens so this may refer to the west side of the garden.
烨（yè）烨: Shining brightly. 荣: Blooming.
奈何: Helpless unable to do anything about it.
感物: To be moved by things.
靡（mǐ）所挥: Without wine to drink. 挥 here means the action of raising a cup. Another interpretation is that 挥 means to express one's aspirations.
悠悠: For a long time. 待秋稼: Waiting for the autumn harvest.
寥（liáo）落: Sparse. 赊（shē）迟: Slow vague also means scarce and not gaining anything.
逸想: Deep contemplation. 淹: To be immersed to be deeply involved.
猖狂: Wild and unrestrained here it refers to intense emotions.
《和胡西曹示顾贼曹》译文及注释详情»
创作背景
这首诗的创作背景可以追溯到晋朝时期，具体年代可能是元兴二年（403年）。然而，由于年代久远，关于这首诗的确切创作时间已无法考证。尽管如此，许多研究陶渊明诗歌的学者倾向于将这首诗与晋安帝元兴二年的时代背景联系在一起。
在晋安帝元兴二年，中国正处于动荡不安的时期。这一年，国家政权的更迭和社会变革带来了许多不确定性和困扰。陶渊明作为一位文人，深受这些变化的影响，他的诗歌也反映了这个时代的风貌。
这首诗可能是陶渊明在这个时期的一次创作，他通过诗歌表达了对时局的思考和感慨。在这个动荡的年代，陶渊明可能感到困惑和迷茫，他通过诗歌来寻找内心的宁静和安慰。这首诗可能是他对社会动荡的回应，也是他对自己内心世界的一种抒发。
尽管我们无法确定这首诗的确切创作背景，但它仍然是陶渊明诗歌创作中的一颗璀璨明珠。它展示了陶渊明对时代变迁的敏锐观察和独特见解，同时也反映了他对自然和人生的深刻思考。这首诗的存在，为我们提供了一扇窥探晋朝时期社会风貌和陶渊明内心世界的窗口。
《和胡西曹示顾贼曹》创作背景详情»
赏析
然，情感真挚。诗人通过描写清风微雨和紫葵的盛衰，表达了自己对时光流转和人生短暂的感慨。诗中的情感由点到面，从对外物的触动到对自身的反思，逐渐升华。诗的结尾以思想上的恨转到生活上的困难，展现了诗人内心的矛盾和挣扎。整首诗平实而真实，通过简洁的语言和突然的转折，使读者能够深入感受到诗人的情感和思想。这首诗虽然平凡，但却能引起读者的共鸣，反映了诗人的真实感受，具有一定的艺术价值。 《和胡西曹示顾贼曹》赏析详情»
陶渊明
陶渊明（352或365年—427年），字元亮，又名潜，私谥“靖节”，世称靖节先生，浔阳柴桑（今江西省九江市）人。他是东晋末至南朝宋初期伟大的诗人、辞赋家。
陶渊明曾担任过江州祭酒、建威参军、镇军参军、彭泽县令等职务。最后一次出仕为彭泽县令，但仅任职八十多天便弃职而去，从此归隐田园。
他是中国第一位田园诗人，被称为“古今隐逸诗人之宗”。他的诗作以描绘自然景色和田园生活为主题，表达了对世俗纷扰的厌倦和对自然宁静的向往。他的诗风清新自然，语言简练，意境深远，给人以宁静、舒适的感觉。
陶渊明的代表作品有《归园田居》、《桃花源记》等。他的诗歌作品流传广泛，对后世文人的诗歌创作产生了深远的影响。
关于陶渊明的生平，有关于他的出生和死亡的确切年份存在争议。有的资料称他出生于352年，去世于427年；而另一些资料则认为他出生于365年，去世于427年。无论如何，陶渊明的诗作和思想对中国文学史产生了重要影响，他被誉为中国文学史上的一位伟大诗人。